Drabick J J, Narayanan R B, Williams J C, Leduc J W, Nacy C A
Department of Bacterial Diseases, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100.
Am J Med Sci. 1994 Aug;308(2):83-7. doi: 10.1097/00000441-199408000-00003.
The relative role that humoral immunity plays in protection against infection with the intracellular bacterium, Francisella tularensis, remains controversial. Cellular immunity is thought to play the major and perhaps only role. The authors, in this article, investigate the immunologic and protective properties of immune serum collected from human recipients of the live tularemia vaccine (LVS). Sera of recipients of the vaccine demonstrated reactivity with the vaccine strain by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analysis. This reactivity appeared to be directed primarily against the lipopolysaccharide of LVS and demonstrated complete cross-reactivity with fully virulent F. tularensis (Schu4). Pooled immune sera protected mice fully against a 10,000 LD50 challenge with the LVS strain relative to non-immune sera. The protection was abrogated by dilution or preadsorption with the LVS strain but not by preadsorption with Escherichia coli, which suggests specificity of protection. The authors conclude that antibodies to the LVS strain of F. tularensis are generated by live vaccination in humans and play a significant role in protection of mice against lethal challenge with the same organism. These antibodies crossreact completely with fully virulent F. tularensis, but whether they play a role in protection against fully virulent human tularemia strains requires further experimentation.
体液免疫在抵御细胞内细菌土拉弗朗西斯菌感染中所起的相对作用仍存在争议。细胞免疫被认为起主要作用，甚至可能是唯一作用。在本文中，作者研究了从接受活土拉菌疫苗（LVS）的人类受种者中收集的免疫血清的免疫学和保护特性。疫苗受种者的血清通过酶联免疫吸附测定和蛋白质印迹分析显示出与疫苗菌株的反应性。这种反应性似乎主要针对LVS的脂多糖，并与完全有毒力的土拉弗朗西斯菌（Schu4）表现出完全交叉反应性。相对于非免疫血清，混合免疫血清能使小鼠完全抵御10,000 LD50的LVS菌株攻击。这种保护作用可通过用LVS菌株稀释或预吸附而消除，但不能通过用大肠杆菌预吸附来消除，这表明保护具有特异性。作者得出结论，土拉弗朗西斯菌LVS菌株的抗体是通过人类活疫苗接种产生的，并且在保护小鼠免受相同生物体的致死性攻击中起重要作用。这些抗体与完全有毒力的土拉弗朗西斯菌完全交叉反应，但它们是否在抵御完全有毒力的人类土拉菌菌株感染中发挥作用还需要进一步实验。
