Lindeman M, Hawks J H, Bartek J K
Nurs Diagn. 1994 Apr-Jun;5(2):65-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-618x.1994.tb00373.x.
This study was designed to develop and validate a new nursing diagnosis, altered family processes: alcoholism. The Delphi technique was used to obtain nurse experts' (N = 201) ratings of terms for the definition, related factors, and defining characteristics. Degree of consensus was determined by analyzing the mean, frequencies, and Fehring's (1987) Diagnostic Content Validity Index for items. Findings supported a proposed definition and related factors including family history of alcoholism and lack of problem-solving skills. Defining characteristics were grouped into three categories: feelings (e.g. mistrust, insecurity, powerlessness, unhappiness), roles, and relationships (e.g. disturbed family dynamics, inconsistent parenting, marital problems), and behaviors (e.g. impaired communication, dependency, denial). Future research includes the proposal and testing of nursing interventions for alcoholic families.
家庭过程改变：酗酒。采用德尔菲法获取护士专家（N = 201）对定义、相关因素和界定性特征术语的评分。通过分析各项的均值、频率以及费林（1987年）的诊断内容效度指数来确定共识程度。研究结果支持了所提出的定义和相关因素，包括酗酒家族史和缺乏解决问题的能力。界定性特征分为三类：情感（如不信任、不安全感、无助感、不幸福）、角色和关系（如家庭动态紊乱、育儿方式不一致、婚姻问题）以及行为（如沟通障碍、依赖、否认）。未来的研究包括针对酗酒家庭护理干预措施的提出与测试。
