Gleason N A
Stone Center for Developmental Services and Studies, Wellesley College, Massachusetts.
J Am Coll Health. 1994 May;42(6):279-89. doi: 10.1080/07448481.1994.9936360.
Little attention has been paid to college women's drinking, partly because women drink less than college men do, partly because they are less likely to get into trouble with the authorities, and partly because women have only recently been understood to develop differently and to have different needs from those of men. Recent theories stress the importance of relationships in women's development, identity, and self-esteem and failures in mutuality and intimacy as contributing to subjective pain and dysfunction. These theoretical formulations suggest a new understanding for women's use of alcohol, one that emphasizes drinking as a way of being with others, of seeking acceptance from peers, and of numbing the pain that comes from relationships that do not work. Women are at greater risk of being abused when drinking, and women who have been sexually or physically abused are at greater risk for abusing alcohol.
人们对大学女生饮酒问题关注甚少，部分原因是女性饮酒量比大学男生少，部分原因是她们不太可能与当局发生麻烦，还有部分原因是直到最近人们才认识到女性的发展方式和需求与男性不同。最近的理论强调人际关系在女性发展、身份认同和自尊中的重要性，以及相互关系和亲密关系中的失败会导致主观痛苦和功能障碍。这些理论表述为女性饮酒行为提供了一种新的理解，即强调饮酒是一种与他人相处、寻求同伴认可以及麻木来自不良人际关系的痛苦的方式。女性饮酒时遭受虐待的风险更大，而遭受性虐待或身体虐待的女性酗酒的风险也更大。
