Brenner H, Fleischle B
University of Ulm, Unit of Epidemiology, Germany.
Prev Med. 1994 Mar;23(2):230-4. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1994.1031.
The relationship between smoking regulations at the workplace and smoking habits was assessed among public-sector employees in southern Germany.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 931 employees who were working under three different, long-existing types of smoking regulations: (a) no restrictions at all, (b) a requirement that employees make their own agreement, and (c) a general prohibition of smoking.
Smoking prevalence was lower among employees at workplaces with smoking restrictions (24.8 and 29.2% for workplaces with the agreement policy and the general smoking ban, respectively) than among other employees (31.4%), but these differences were not statistically significant. Large and highly statistically significant (P < 0.001) differences were found, however, in the average numbers of cigarettes smoked per day by active smokers. The mean number ranged from 20.5 in smokers without worksite restrictions to 14.1 and 13.2 in smokers working under the agreement policy and the general smoking ban, respectively. These differences persisted after multivariable control for potential confounders.
Despite inherent limitations of the cross-sectional study design, our results suggest that regulation of smoking at the workplace may help active smokers substantially reduce their daily cigarette consumption. Such regulations might therefore be very effective public health measures.
在德国南部的公共部门员工中，评估了工作场所吸烟规定与吸烟习惯之间的关系。
对931名员工进行了一项横断面研究，这些员工在三种不同的、长期存在的吸烟规定下工作：（a）完全没有限制，（b）要求员工自行达成协议，（c）全面禁止吸烟。
在有吸烟限制的工作场所工作的员工中，吸烟率较低（协议政策工作场所和全面禁烟工作场所的吸烟率分别为24.8%和29.2%），低于其他员工（31.4%），但这些差异无统计学意义。然而，在现吸烟者每天平均吸烟支数方面发现了巨大且具有高度统计学意义（P < 0.001）的差异。平均数范围从无工作场所限制的吸烟者的20.5支到协议政策和全面禁烟工作场所吸烟者的14.1支和13.2支。在对潜在混杂因素进行多变量控制后，这些差异仍然存在。
尽管横断面研究设计存在固有局限性，但我们的结果表明，工作场所吸烟规定可能有助于现吸烟者大幅减少每日吸烟量。因此，此类规定可能是非常有效的公共卫生措施。
