Morris M E, Summers J J, Matyas T A, Iansek R
School of Behavioural Health Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
Phys Ther. 1994 Aug;74(8):738-48; discussion 748-52. doi: 10.1093/ptj/74.8.738.
Motor program theory has provided physical therapists with one approach to understanding how the brain controls movement. Analogous with computer programs that specify the operations of computer hardware, motor programs are thought to contain commands for muscles that allow movements to occur without the need for continuous peripheral feedback. A review of the physical therapy literature reveals many instances in which motor program theory has been used as a theoretical framework for clinical practice. Yet despite the contribution programming theory has made to the advancement of movement science, the motor program construct is currently under considerable threat. Keele's (1968) original definition no longer seems tenable, given the problems of program storage, motor equivalence, movement flexibility, and context-conditioned variability. The finding that researchers from different disciplines define the motor program in a variety of ways adds difficulty to the task of evaluating the efficacy of the model. A critical appraisal of programming theory and its use in physical therapy suggests that clinicians need to reconsider the usefulness of the motor program model as a basis for movement rehabilitation following brain damage and musculoskeletal disorders.
运动程序理论为物理治疗师提供了一种理解大脑如何控制运动的方法。与指定计算机硬件操作的计算机程序类似，运动程序被认为包含肌肉指令，使运动能够在无需持续外周反馈的情况下发生。对物理治疗文献的回顾显示，运动程序理论在许多情况下被用作临床实践的理论框架。然而，尽管程序理论对运动科学的发展做出了贡献，但运动程序这一概念目前正面临相当大的威胁。鉴于程序存储、运动等效性、运动灵活性和情境条件变异性等问题，基尔（1968年）最初的定义似乎不再站得住脚。不同学科的研究人员以多种方式定义运动程序这一发现，增加了评估该模型有效性任务的难度。对程序理论及其在物理治疗中的应用进行批判性评估表明，临床医生需要重新考虑运动程序模型作为脑损伤和肌肉骨骼疾病后运动康复基础的实用性。
