Maag J W, Irvin D M, Reid R, Vasa S F
Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68583-0732.
J Learn Disabil. 1994 Apr;27(4):223-34. doi: 10.1177/002221949402700404.
A considerable body of literature has accumulated that examines patterns of substance use and abuse among adolescents attending general education classes. However, much less information exists on the prevalence and predictors of substance use among adolescents with learning disabilities. One purpose of this study was to determine the comparative prevalence of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use among a sample of 123 students with learning disabilities (91 male and 32 female, mean age = 14.37 years) and 138 nondisabled students (77 male and 61 female, mean age = 13.71 years). A second purpose was to determine whether two psychosocial variables (self-esteem and type of behavior problem) or severity of drinking problem best predicted use of tobacco and marijuana. Students were administered the Self-Esteem Inventory (SEI)-School form (Coopersmith, 1987) and the Adolescent Drinking Index (ADI) (Harrell & Wirtz, 1989); their teachers completed the Revised Behavior Problem Checklist (RBPC) (Quay & Peterson, 1987). Tobacco and marijuana use were proportionally higher for adolescents with learning disabilities; no differences emerged for alcohol use between groups. A discriminant function analysis revealed that scores on the SEI and subscale scores of the RBPC did not reliably predict tobacco or marijuana use for either group. ADI scores were reliable predictors of marijuana use for students with learning disabilities and tobacco use for both groups.
大量文献已经积累起来，研究了参加普通教育课程的青少年中的物质使用和滥用模式。然而，关于学习障碍青少年中物质使用的患病率和预测因素的信息要少得多。本研究的一个目的是确定123名学习障碍学生（91名男性和32名女性，平均年龄 = 14.37岁）和138名非残疾学生（77名男性和61名女性，平均年龄 = 13.71岁）样本中烟草、酒精和大麻使用的相对患病率。第二个目的是确定两个社会心理变量（自尊和行为问题类型）或饮酒问题的严重程度是否最能预测烟草和大麻的使用。学生们接受了自尊量表（SEI）学校版（库珀史密斯，1987年）和青少年饮酒指数（ADI）（哈雷尔和维尔茨，1989年）的测试；他们的老师完成了修订后的行为问题清单（RBPC）（奎伊和彼得森，1987年）。学习障碍青少年的烟草和大麻使用率相对较高；两组之间在酒精使用方面没有差异。判别函数分析表明，SEI得分和RBPC的子量表得分都不能可靠地预测两组学生的烟草或大麻使用情况。ADI得分是学习障碍学生大麻使用和两组学生烟草使用的可靠预测指标。
