Trepman E, Gellman R E, Solomon R, Murthy K R, Micheli L J, De Luca C J
NeuroMuscular Research Center, Boston University, MA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1994 Jun;26(6):771-82. doi: 10.1249/00005768-199406000-00018.
Surface electromyography was used to analyze lower extremity muscle activity during standing posture and demi-plié in first position with lower extremities turned out, in five ballet and seven modern female professional dancers. In standing posture, increased electromyographic (EMG) activity above baseline was detected most frequently at the medial gastrocnemius (54% standing repetitions) and tibialis anterior (29%) electrodes (all dancers); in ballet dancers, increased EMG activity during standing was significantly less frequent at the medial gastrocnemius, but more frequent at the tibialis anterior, than in modern dancers. In demi-plié, the tibialis anterior had a discrete peak of EMG activity at midcycle in all dancers (97% demi-pliés). All dancers also had midcycle EMG activity in both vastus lateralis and medialis (100% demi-pliés). At the end of rising phase of demi-plié, ballet dancers had greater EMG activity than at midcycle in vastus lateralis (100% demi-pliés) and medialis (92%); in modern dancers, end-rising phase voltage was lower than at midcycle for vastus lateralis (71% demi-pliés) and medialis (83%). Genu recurvatum > or = 10 degrees was observed at the beginning and end of demi-plié in all ballet dancers, but not in modern dancers. There was marked variation of EMG activity during demi-plié in the lateral gastrocnemius, medial gastrocnemius, gluteus maximus, hamstrings, and adductors. The results support the hypothesis that ballet and modern dancers have different patterns of muscle use in standing posture and demi-plié, which in part may be a result of differences in genu recurvatum and turnout between the two groups.
对5名芭蕾舞女职业舞者和7名现代舞女职业舞者进行研究，采用表面肌电图分析在站立姿势以及下肢外开的一位半蹲时下肢肌肉的活动情况。在站立姿势下，所有舞者中，最常检测到比基线水平肌电图（EMG）活动增加的是腓肠肌内侧头（54%的站立重复次数）和胫骨前肌（29%）电极；与现代舞者相比，芭蕾舞舞者站立时腓肠肌内侧头EMG活动增加的频率显著更低，但胫骨前肌的频率更高。在半蹲时，所有舞者的胫骨前肌在动作周期中期均有离散的EMG活动峰值（97%的半蹲次数）。所有舞者的股外侧肌和股内侧肌在动作周期中期也都有EMG活动（100%的半蹲次数）。在半蹲上升阶段结束时，芭蕾舞舞者股外侧肌（100%的半蹲次数）和股内侧肌（92%）的EMG活动高于动作周期中期；在现代舞者中，股外侧肌（71%的半蹲次数）和股内侧肌（83%）上升阶段结束时的电压低于动作周期中期。在所有芭蕾舞舞者半蹲的起始和结束时均观察到膝反屈≥10度，而现代舞者未出现。在半蹲过程中，外侧腓肠肌、内侧腓肠肌、臀大肌、腘绳肌和内收肌的EMG活动存在明显差异。这些结果支持以下假设：芭蕾舞舞者和现代舞者在站立姿势和半蹲时肌肉使用模式不同，这部分可能是由于两组之间膝反屈和外开程度不同所致。
