Kemmeren J M, van Poppel G, Verhoef P, Jarvis M J
Department of Human Nutrition, TNO-Toxicology and Nutrition Institute, Zeist, The Netherlands.
Environ Res. 1994 Aug;66(2):235-43. doi: 10.1006/enrs.1994.1059.
The stability of plasma cotinine was studied in smokers and the validity of a brief questionnaire on environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure was assessed in nonsmokers. The correlation between two cotinine levels measured 14 weeks apart was 0.81 in smokers (n = 148). A single measurement will classify 95% of all subjects within 30% of their habitual plasma cotinine level. Plasma cotinine was higher in ETS-exposed nonsmokers (n = 50) than in ETS-unexposed nonsmokers (n = 55; 1.6 ng/ml vs 0.6 ng/ml; P < 0.0001), but there was a substantial part of intersubject overlap. The sensitivity and specificity with respect to self-reported smoke exposure were 56 and 89%, respectively. This study shows that a single plasma cotinine determination gives a good impression of cotinine levels. It is dubious if a brief questionnaire about hours of passive smoke exposure in nonsmokers is valid to distinguish ETS-exposed from ETS-unexposed nonsmokers.
对吸烟者血浆可替宁的稳定性进行了研究，并在不吸烟者中评估了一份关于环境烟草烟雾（ETS）暴露的简短问卷的有效性。在吸烟者（n = 148）中，间隔14周测量的两种可替宁水平之间的相关性为0.81。单次测量可将所有受试者的95%分类在其习惯性血浆可替宁水平的30%范围内。暴露于ETS的不吸烟者（n = 50）的血浆可替宁水平高于未暴露于ETS的不吸烟者（n = 55；1.6 ng/ml对0.6 ng/ml；P < 0.0001），但个体间存在大量重叠。自我报告的烟雾暴露的敏感性和特异性分别为56%和89%。本研究表明，单次血浆可替宁测定能较好地反映可替宁水平。一份关于不吸烟者被动吸烟时间的简短问卷是否能有效区分暴露于ETS和未暴露于ETS的不吸烟者尚不确定。
