Stephen R, Miotti D, Bettaglio R, Rossi C, Bonezzi C
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.
Artif Organs. 1994 Jun;18(6):461-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.1994.tb02233.x.
Two formulations of morphine citrate were synthesized: trimorphine citrate, 3(MH)+(C6H5O7)3- and morphine sodium citrate, 3(MH)+3Na+2(C6H5O7)3-. Four healthy individuals volunteered to undergo electromotive administration of the two formulations. Application of electric current (2 mA) to solutions of trimorphine citrate for 1 h resulted in iontophoretic transcutaneous administration of therapeutic quantities of morphine, without deleterious reduction in the pH of the drug solutions. Application of a 2-mA current to solutions of morphine sodium citrate for 2 h resulted in combined iontophoretic and electrophoretic delivery of morphine with increased administration rates and an improved buffering capacity of the drug solutions.
枸橼酸三吗啡，即3(MH)+(C6H5O7)3-，以及枸橼酸钠吗啡，即3(MH)+3Na+2(C6H5O7)3-。四名健康个体自愿接受这两种制剂的电渗给药。对枸橼酸三吗啡溶液施加2 mA电流1小时，可实现治疗剂量吗啡的离子电渗经皮给药，且药物溶液的pH值无有害降低。对枸橼酸钠吗啡溶液施加2 mA电流2小时，可实现吗啡的离子电渗和电泳联合给药，给药速率提高，药物溶液的缓冲能力增强。
