Bellati U, Pompa P, Liberati M
Clinica Ostetrica, Università degli Studi G. D'Annunzio, Chieti.
Minerva Ginecol. 1994 Apr;46(4):183-7.
To evaluate the effectiveness of the Mediterranean diet in pregnancy in relation to the increased maternal nutritional needs and to fetal outcome.
We studied dietary habits of 100 pregnant women with gestational ages between 13 and 38 weeks. Each woman has been provided with a questionnaire to explore types and amount of food taken daily, for 7 consecutive days. The data have been analyzed evaluating, for each dietary component, the caloric, proteic, glucidic, lipidic and microelement share. The results obtained have been compared with the "recommended levels of daily intake of calories and nutrients for the Italian population" (LARN), and with the American "Recommended Daily Dietary Allowances" (RDA).
The Mediterranean diet proved able to completely satisfy pregnancy's increased biological needs except for iron. In fact the daily mean iron intake of the examined population was about 13 mg/day, while the recommended intake is about 36 mg/day. The dietary caloric intake was represented by proteins (16%), glucides (47.5%) and lipids (36.5%), with bread and cereals giving the higher energetic share (38%) in the examined diets. The mean caloric intake resulted lower than the one recommended by LARN and RDA, however neonatal birth weights were always within the normal range.
评估地中海饮食在孕期对满足孕妇增加的营养需求及对胎儿结局的有效性。
我们研究了100名孕周在13至38周之间的孕妇的饮食习惯。每位孕妇都收到一份问卷，连续7天记录其每日摄入食物的种类和数量。对数据进行分析，评估每种饮食成分的热量、蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂肪和微量元素占比。将所得结果与“意大利人群每日热量和营养素推荐摄入量”（LARN）以及美国的“推荐每日膳食摄入量”（RDA）进行比较。
除铁之外，地中海饮食被证明能够完全满足孕期增加的生理需求。实际上，被研究人群的每日平均铁摄入量约为13毫克/天，而推荐摄入量约为36毫克/天。饮食中的热量摄入由蛋白质（16%）、碳水化合物（47.5%）和脂肪（36.5%）构成，在所研究的饮食中，面包和谷物提供了较高的能量占比（38%）。平均热量摄入量低于LARN和RDA的推荐量，然而新生儿出生体重始终在正常范围内。
