Lewis P F
Aust Vet J. 1994 May;71(5):130-2. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1994.tb03364.x.
Common tiger snake (Notechis scutatus) venom was injected into mice and dogs at various dose rates calculated on the known lethal dose (LD) for each species. The larger the dose of venom, the earlier was the onset of clinical signs and the more rapid and severe the course of the disease in both species. In dogs injected with 32 LD of venom, there was sudden collapse and death in about one hour from the time of injection without recovery from premonitory depression and before mydriasis occurred. Dogs given 5 to 16 LD of venom developed preparalytic signs (vomition, salivation or defaecation) in 5 to 30 min, mydriasis in 2 to 4 h, became paralysed and died in about 2.5 to 5 h. When doses of venom of about 1 LD were injected, vomition and salivation occurred within 2 h and mydriasis in about 4 h. The dogs were unable to close the mouth completely despite retention of jaw muscle tone. Sublethally envenomed dogs did not show preparalytic signs nor did they have general skeletal muscle paralysis. Even at the lowest dose tested (0.25 LD), however, they developed mydriasis and photophobia, which persisted for several days. At the site of injection of venom there was occasional but slight erythema and oedema.
按照已知的每种物种的致死剂量（LD）计算出不同剂量率，将普通虎蛇（盾鼻蛇属）毒液注射到小鼠和狗体内。毒液剂量越大，两种物种出现临床症状的时间越早，疾病进程越快且越严重。给狗注射32 LD的毒液后，从注射时起约一小时内会突然虚脱并死亡，没有从先兆性抑郁中恢复过来，也没有出现瞳孔散大。给狗注射5至16 LD的毒液后，在5至30分钟内会出现麻痹前期症状（呕吐、流涎或排便），2至4小时内出现瞳孔散大，约2.5至5小时后会瘫痪并死亡。注射约1 LD的毒液时，2小时内会出现呕吐和流涎，约4小时内出现瞳孔散大。尽管下颌肌张力存在，但狗无法完全闭上嘴。未致死剂量中毒的狗没有出现麻痹前期症状，也没有全身骨骼肌麻痹。然而，即使在测试的最低剂量（0.25 LD）下，它们也会出现瞳孔散大和畏光症状，并持续数天。在毒液注射部位偶尔会出现轻微的红斑和水肿。
