Aguado L, San Antonio A, Pérez L, del Valle R, Gómez J
Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
Behav Neural Biol. 1994 May;61(3):271-81. doi: 10.1016/s0163-1047(05)80010-x.
In four experiments with rats, the effects of the NMDA antagonist ketamine on several forms of gustatory learning were studied. Replicating previous findings, in Experiment 1 ketamine was shown to impair one-trial acquisition of a flavor aversion at the dose of 25 mg/kg, but also produced a significant state-dependency effect. In Experiment 2 ketamine did not alter the process of habituation of neophobia to a new flavor. Abolition of latent inhibition by ketamine injected before preexposure in Experiment 3a was not replicated in Experiment 3b when ketamine was injected before all phases of the experiment. Finally, in Experiment 4 rats injected with ketamine showed slower acquisition of a flavor aversion with a multiple-trial procedure but finally reached a level similar to that shown by saline controls. The implications of these results for an interpretation of the effects of ketamine on flavor aversion learning in terms of interference with flavor memory storage are discussed.
在四项以大鼠为对象的实验中，研究了N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）拮抗剂氯胺酮对几种味觉学习形式的影响。重复先前的研究结果，在实验1中，氯胺酮在25毫克/千克的剂量下会损害味觉厌恶的单次试验习得，但也产生了显著的状态依赖性效应。在实验2中，氯胺酮并未改变对新口味的新恐惧症的习惯化过程。在实验3a中，在预暴露前注射氯胺酮可消除潜伏抑制，但在实验3b中，当在实验的所有阶段之前注射氯胺酮时，该结果未得到重复。最后，在实验4中，注射氯胺酮的大鼠在多次试验程序中表现出较慢的味觉厌恶习得，但最终达到了与生理盐水对照组相似的水平。讨论了这些结果对于从干扰味觉记忆存储的角度解释氯胺酮对味觉厌恶学习影响的意义。
