Ceruti M, Canestrelli M, Condemi V, Piantelli G, De Paolis P, Amone F, Tovagliari D
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Parma.
Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 1994;21(2):119-23.
Bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis and candidiasis are the most common genital infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the various methods of contraception with regard to the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and vulvo-vaginitis over a period of four years. We also evaluated in the same period the rates of trichomoniasis, candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis and vulvo-vaginitis between users and non users of contraceptional methods and the relationship between ages of patients and types of contraceptives. Finally we considered the change of contraceptive use with regard to age among two different periods. The IUD users showed a significant increase of B.V., T.v. and other bacteria and a decrease of the negatives compared to OC users. Barrier contraceptive users had a reduction (0.01 > p > 0.001) of B.V. and an increase (p < 0.001) of the negatives compared to IUD users. OC users had a significant (p < 0.05) increase in candidiasis, B.V. together with a reduction of the negatives compared to non users group. IUD users had a significant (p < 0.001) increase of B.V. and vulvo-vaginitis from other bacteria, and the reduction of the negatives. Teenagers use OC much more than adults, but less IUD (p < 0.001). The use of OC has increased and the use of IUD decreased among adults (p < 0.001). The barrier methods were seen to be statistically reduced.
细菌性阴道病、滴虫病和念珠菌病是最常见的生殖器感染。本研究的目的是评估在四年时间里，各种避孕方法与细菌性阴道病和外阴阴道炎患病率之间的关系。我们还在同一时期评估了避孕方法使用者和非使用者之间滴虫病、念珠菌病、细菌性阴道病和外阴阴道炎的发生率，以及患者年龄与避孕类型之间的关系。最后，我们考虑了两个不同时期避孕方法使用随年龄的变化。与口服避孕药使用者相比，宫内节育器使用者的细菌性阴道病、滴虫感染和其他细菌感染显著增加，阴性结果减少。与宫内节育器使用者相比，屏障避孕法使用者的细菌性阴道病有所减少（0.01 > p > 0.001），阴性结果有所增加（p < 0.001）。与非使用者组相比，口服避孕药使用者的念珠菌病、细菌性阴道病显著增加（p < 0.05），阴性结果减少。宫内节育器使用者的细菌性阴道病和其他细菌引起的外阴阴道炎显著增加（p < 0.001），阴性结果减少。青少年使用口服避孕药的比例远高于成年人，但使用宫内节育器的比例较低（p < 0.001）。成年人中口服避孕药的使用增加，宫内节育器的使用减少（p < 0.001）。屏障避孕法的使用在统计学上有所减少。
