Peck J R
Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Great Britain.
Genetics. 1994 Jun;137(2):597-606. doi: 10.1093/genetics/137.2.597.
This study presents a mathematical model in which a single beneficial mutation arises in a very large population that is subject to frequent deleterious mutations. The results suggest that, if the population is sexual, then the deleterious mutations will have little effect on the ultimate fate of the beneficial mutation. However, if most offspring are produced asexually, then the probability that the beneficial mutation will be lost from the population may be greatly enhanced by the deleterious mutations. Thus, sexual populations may adapt much more quickly than populations where most reproduction is asexual. Some of the results were produced using computer simulation methods, and a technique was developed that allows treatment of arbitrarily large numbers of individuals in a reasonable amount of computer time. This technique may be of prove useful for the analysis of a wide variety of models, though there are some constraints on its applicability. For example, the technique requires that reproduction can be described by Poisson processes.
本研究提出了一个数学模型，其中在一个非常大的群体中出现了一个有益突变，该群体频繁发生有害突变。结果表明，如果群体是有性繁殖的，那么有害突变对有益突变的最终命运影响很小。然而，如果大多数后代是无性繁殖产生的，那么有害突变可能会大大增加有益突变从群体中丢失的概率。因此，有性繁殖群体可能比大多数繁殖为无性繁殖的群体适应得更快。部分结果是使用计算机模拟方法得出的，并且开发了一种技术，该技术能够在合理的计算机时间内处理任意数量的个体。尽管其适用性存在一些限制，但该技术可能被证明对分析各种模型有用。例如，该技术要求繁殖可以用泊松过程来描述。
