Mital A, Foononi-Fard H, Brown M L
Ergonomics and Engineering Controls Research Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, OH 45221-0116.
Hum Factors. 1994 Jun;36(2):219-31. doi: 10.1177/001872089403600204.
This paper presents the results of a preliminary laboratory study undertaken to determine the perceived exertion and physiological responses of highly trained and experienced workers to high (up to 16 repetitions/min) and very high frequency (above 16 repetitions/min) manual lifting, lowering, and carrying/turning tasks. The results indicate that workers engaged in such highly repetitive and physically demanding tasks may operate at psychophysical workloads that may clearly be considered physically fatiguing and unacceptable according to the current physiological design criteria. In this study subjects performing lifting and lowering tasks, on the average, operated at 57% and 52% of their uphill treadmill aerobic capacity, respectively. For carrying and turning tasks, the average metabolic energy expenditure rate corresponded to 43% of subjects' aerobic capacity. The overall heart rates of the study subjects were 155 beats per minute (bpm) for lifting, 144 bpm for lowering, and 142 bpm for carrying and turning. These physiological responses, when compared with recommended physiological design criteria, are excessively high. The ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) for the shoulder, back, and whole body were highest for lifting (range, 10.20-15.50) and least for carrying and turning (range, 10.30-13.40; carrying and turning activities also included RPE of arms). Generally workers perceived the associated physical exertions as acceptable.
本文介绍了一项初步实验室研究的结果，该研究旨在确定训练有素且经验丰富的工人在进行高频率（高达16次/分钟）和非常高频率（高于16次/分钟）的手动提升、放下以及搬运/转身任务时的主观用力感觉和生理反应。结果表明，从事此类高度重复性且体力要求高的任务的工人，其心理生理工作量可能会达到根据当前生理设计标准明显被认为会导致身体疲劳且不可接受的程度。在本研究中，进行提升和放下任务的受试者，平均而言，其操作强度分别达到了他们上坡跑步机有氧运动能力的57%和52%。对于搬运和转身任务，平均代谢能量消耗率相当于受试者有氧运动能力的43%。研究受试者的总体心率在提升任务时为每分钟155次心跳（bpm），放下任务时为144 bpm，搬运和转身任务时为142 bpm。与推荐的生理设计标准相比，这些生理反应过高。肩部、背部和全身的主观用力感觉评分（RPE）在提升任务时最高（范围为10.20 - 15.50），在搬运和转身任务时最低（范围为10.30 - 13.40；搬运和转身活动还包括手臂的RPE）。总体而言，工人认为相关的体力消耗是可以接受的。
