Niedhammer I, Lert F, Marne M J
INSERM Unit 88, Hôpital National de Saint-Maurice, France.
J Occup Med. 1994 Jun;36(6):667-74.
In industrialized countries, the proportion of shift workers is currently estimated to be approximately 20% of the working population. The problem of sleep may be one of the major consequences of shift work. To study the relation between shift work and sleep quality in a female population, 469 nurses at 6 public hospitals in various French regions were interviewed about their working conditions and health in 1980. They were followed up and interviewed again in 1985 and 1990. First, the results showed that nurses had more sleep disorders on alternating schedule including night work at the beginning of the study in 1980, and there was no more association between shift work and sleep quality after 1980. Second, sleep disorders predicted transfer from shift work to day work between 1980 and 1985 and sleep disorders decreased strongly after such transfer. The absence of relation between time schedules and sleep in 1985 and 1990 can be explained by the fact that the follow-up sample was selected, ie, the nurses who continued to work on shift work were able to adapt to it.
在工业化国家，目前估计轮班工人的比例约占劳动人口的20%。睡眠问题可能是轮班工作的主要后果之一。为了研究女性人群中轮班工作与睡眠质量之间的关系，1980年对法国不同地区6家公立医院的469名护士进行了关于她们工作条件和健康状况的访谈。1985年和1990年对她们进行了随访并再次访谈。首先，结果显示，在1980年研究开始时，包括夜班在内的交替排班的护士有更多睡眠障碍，1980年之后轮班工作与睡眠质量之间不再有相关性。其次，睡眠障碍预示着1980年至1985年间从轮班工作转为日班工作，并且在这种转变后睡眠障碍大幅减少。1985年和1990年时间安排与睡眠之间缺乏相关性可以用以下事实来解释，即随访样本是经过挑选的，也就是说，继续从事轮班工作的护士能够适应这种工作。
