Michenfelder J D, Milde J H
Stroke. 1975 Jul-Aug;6(4):405-10. doi: 10.1161/01.str.6.4.405.
Regional cerebral ischemia was produced by common carotid artery occlusion in gerbils and by middle cerebral artery occlusion in dogs, cats, and squirrel monkeys. Anesthesia was induced with either pentobarbital or halothane and maintained for two to three hours after vessel occlusion. In acute studies, the effect of regional cerebral ischemia on cerebral concentrations of ATP, phosphocreatine, lactate, and pyruvate was determined at the end of this period in gerbils, cats, and squirrel monkeys. In chronic studies, the degree of neurological deficit and size of cerebral infarction were determined 48 hours after a two-hour to three-hour period of vessel occlusion in cats and squirrel monkeys and permanent occlusion in dogs. In gerbils, dogs, and cats, there were no differences in the metabolis, functional, or pathological effects of anesthesia with pentobarbital or halothane. However, in the squirrel monkey, in acute studies the metabolic alterations were significantly less with pentobarbital, and in chronic studies the frequency and magnitude of functional deficits and cerebral infarction were significantly less. We conclude that pentobarbital does provide a degree of protection during regional cerebral ischemia but that such effects are only consistently demonstrable in primates. In nonprimates, we assume that variability in the collateral circulation renders demonstration of significant differences difficult or impossible.
通过结扎沙土鼠的颈总动脉以及犬、猫和松鼠猴的大脑中动脉来制造局部脑缺血。用戊巴比妥或氟烷诱导麻醉，并在血管闭塞后维持两到三个小时。在急性研究中，在这段时间结束时测定沙土鼠、猫和松鼠猴局部脑缺血对大脑中三磷酸腺苷（ATP）、磷酸肌酸、乳酸和丙酮酸浓度的影响。在慢性研究中，在猫和松鼠猴经历两到三个小时的血管闭塞以及犬永久性闭塞48小时后，测定神经功能缺损程度和脑梗死面积。在沙土鼠、犬和猫中，戊巴比妥或氟烷麻醉对代谢、功能或病理的影响没有差异。然而，在松鼠猴中，急性研究显示戊巴比妥导致的代谢改变明显较小，慢性研究显示功能缺损和脑梗死的发生率及严重程度明显较低。我们得出结论，戊巴比妥在局部脑缺血期间确实提供了一定程度的保护，但这种作用仅在灵长类动物中持续可证。在非灵长类动物中，我们认为侧支循环的变异性使得难以或无法证明显著差异。
