Valleni-Basile L A, Garrison C Z, Jackson K L, Waller J L, McKeown R E, Addy C L, Cuffe S P
Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1994 Jul-Aug;33(6):782-91. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199407000-00002.
To investigate the frequency and phenomenology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and subclinical OCD in young adolescents.
A two-stage epidemiological study originally designed to investigate adolescent depression was conducted between 1986 and 1988 in the southeastern United States. In the first stage, a self-report depressive symptom questionnaire was administered to a community sample of 3,283 adolescents. In the diagnostic stage, the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children and the Children's Global Assessment Scale were administered to 488 mother-child pairs.
The prevalences of OCD and subclinical OCD were found to be 3% and 19%, respectively. Prevalences were similar in males and females. Females reported more symptoms of compulsions although males reported more obsessions. About 55% of adolescents with OCD reported both obsessions and compulsions. The most common compulsions were arranging (56%), counting (41%), collecting (38%), and washing (17%). Major depressive disorder (45%), separation anxiety (34%), dysthymia (29%), suicidal ideation (15%), and phobia (8%) were the diagnoses most frequently comorbid with OCD.
Findings suggest that OCD is not infrequent among adolescents and that the characteristic comorbidity and symptomatology of OCD may facilitate earlier identification and treatment by clinicians.
调查青少年强迫症（OCD）及亚临床强迫症的发病率和现象学特征。
1986年至1988年在美国东南部开展了一项两阶段的流行病学研究，该研究最初旨在调查青少年抑郁症。在第一阶段，对3283名青少年的社区样本进行了一份自我报告抑郁症状问卷的调查。在诊断阶段，对488对母子进行了学龄儿童情感障碍和精神分裂症量表及儿童总体评估量表的评估。
发现强迫症和亚临床强迫症的患病率分别为3%和19%。男性和女性的患病率相似。女性报告的强迫症状更多，而男性报告的强迫观念更多。约55%的强迫症青少年同时报告了强迫观念和强迫行为。最常见的强迫行为是整理（56%）、计数（41%）、收集（38%）和清洗（17%）。重度抑郁症（45%）、分离焦虑症（34%）、心境恶劣（29%）、自杀观念（15%）和恐惧症（8%）是与强迫症最常共病的诊断。
研究结果表明，强迫症在青少年中并不罕见，强迫症的典型共病情况和症状可能有助于临床医生更早地识别和治疗。
