Lackner J R, Graybiel A
Ashton Graybiel Spatial Orientation Laboratory, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02254-9110.
J Clin Pharmacol. 1994 Jun;34(6):644-8. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1994.tb02018.x.
In an earlier study, the authors found that severely motion sick individuals could be greatly relieved of their symptoms by intramuscular injections of promethazine (50 mg) or scopolamine (.5 mg). Comparable 50-mg injections of promethazine also have been found effective in alleviating symptoms of space motion sickness. The concern has risen, however, that such drugs may delay or retard the acquisition of adaptation to stressful environments. In the current study, we controlled arousal using a mental arithmetic task and precisely equated the exposure history (number of head movements during rotation) of a placebo, control group and an experimental group who had received promethazine. No differences in total adaptation or in rates of adaptation were present between the two groups. Another experimental group also received promethazine and was allowed to make as many head movements as they could, before reaching nausea, up to 800. This group showed a greater level of adaptation than the placebo group. These results suggest a strategy for dealing with space motion sickness that is described.
在一项早期研究中，作者发现，通过肌肉注射异丙嗪（50毫克）或东莨菪碱（0.5毫克），严重晕动病患者的症状可得到极大缓解。研究还发现，注射同等剂量（50毫克）的异丙嗪对缓解太空晕动病症状也有效。然而，人们担心此类药物可能会延迟或阻碍对压力环境的适应。在当前研究中，我们通过心算任务控制唤醒水平，并精确平衡了安慰剂组、对照组以及接受异丙嗪的实验组的暴露史（旋转期间头部运动次数）。两组在总体适应或适应率方面均无差异。另一个实验组也接受了异丙嗪，并在感到恶心之前尽可能多地进行头部运动，最多可达800次。该组比安慰剂组表现出更高的适应水平。这些结果提示了一种应对太空晕动病的策略，本文对此进行了描述。
