Percival R S, Challacombe S J, Marsh P D
Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, UMDS, Guy's Hospital, London, England.
J Dent Res. 1994 Aug;73(8):1416-20. doi: 10.1177/00220345940730080401.
Dry mouth is a common feature in the elderly, but it is not clear what proportion of incidences are related to functional disturbances and whether age per se and gender play a role. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of age and gender on salivary flow rates. The effect of age on unstimulated (resting) whole and stimulated parotid saliva flow rates was determined in 116 unmedicated, healthy individuals. The subjects were divided into four age groups: 20-39 years (group A), 40-59 years (group B), 60-79 years (group C), and 80 years and over (group D). A significant decrease in the secretion rates of unstimulated whole saliva in relation to age was observed in the study population (p < 0.001). However, the flow rates of stimulated parotid saliva were not significantly different in the four age groups. Females had significantly lower mean flow rates than males for both unstimulated (resting) whole saliva (p < 0.005) and stimulated parotid saliva (p < 0.05). In the study as a whole, significant negative correlations were found between either the DMF index (decayed, missing, and filled teeth) or the DMFS index (decayed, missing, and filled tooth surfaces) and the flow rates of unstimulated whole saliva (p < 0.02), but no relationship to stimulated parotid saliva flow rates was apparent. The results suggest that elderly subjects have no impairment in their ability to respond to sialogogues but that resting saliva rates are significantly lower than in younger individuals and may contribute to the increase in oral mucosal diseases seen in the elderly.
口干是老年人的常见症状，但尚不清楚有多少发病率与功能障碍有关，以及年龄本身和性别是否起作用。本研究的目的是确定年龄和性别对唾液流速的影响。在116名未用药的健康个体中，测定了年龄对非刺激性（静息）全唾液和刺激性腮腺唾液流速的影响。受试者分为四个年龄组：20 - 39岁（A组）、40 - 59岁（B组）、60 - 79岁（C组）和80岁及以上（D组）。研究人群中观察到非刺激性全唾液分泌率随年龄显著下降（p < 0.001）。然而，四个年龄组的刺激性腮腺唾液流速没有显著差异。女性非刺激性（静息）全唾液（p < 0.005）和刺激性腮腺唾液（p < 0.05）的平均流速均显著低于男性。在整个研究中，发现龋失补牙指数（DMF指数，即龋、失、补牙数）或龋失补牙面指数（DMFS指数，即龋、失、补牙面数）与非刺激性全唾液流速之间存在显著负相关（p < 0.02），但与刺激性腮腺唾液流速没有明显关系。结果表明，老年受试者对催涎剂的反应能力没有受损，但静息唾液流速明显低于年轻人，这可能导致老年人口腔黏膜疾病的增加。
