Thornton J G, McNamara H M, Montague I A
Institute of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Leeds University.
J Med Ethics. 1994 Jun;20(2):87-92. doi: 10.1136/jme.20.2.87.
Judges face difficult choices when the birth and genetic mothers of a child are separate people who dispute maternal access; the views of the general population may help them. Fifty women were asked whether, if they were infertile and could have only one child, they would prefer to be birth mothers (to carry a baby which was not genetically theirs) or genetic mothers (to have another woman carry their genetic baby). Similarly, fifty men were asked about their preference for a partner's child. In both groups the strength of preferences was measured using a lottery technique. The direction and strength of preferences was similar between men and women, and approximately equally divided between birth and genetic motherhood. These attitudes should be taken into account by those adjudicating custody disputes between such mothers.
当孩子的生母和基因母亲不是同一人且她们就母亲的探视权产生争议时，法官面临着艰难的抉择；普通大众的观点或许能为他们提供帮助。五十名女性被问及，如果她们无法生育且只能拥有一个孩子，她们更愿意成为生母（孕育一个并非自己基因的婴儿）还是基因母亲（让另一名女性孕育自己有基因关系的婴儿）。同样，五十名男性被问及他们对伴侣孩子的偏好。在这两组人群中，偏好的强度通过一种抽签技术来衡量。男性和女性在偏好的方向和强度上相似，并且在生母身份和基因母亲身份之间的偏好大致平分。在裁决这类母亲之间的监护权纠纷时，应该考虑到这些态度。
