Brühl P, Ivarsson A, Toremalm N G
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Lund, Malmö General Hospital, Sweden.
Scand Audiol. 1994;23(2):83-91. doi: 10.3109/01050399409047490.
Hearing damage suffered by male workers in an automobile sheet-metal pressing plant has been studied on five occasions during the period 1964-89. The hearing threshold data have been analysed in order to determine hearing loss due to noise in various age groups. The hearing thresholds were better on later occasions. In the youngest group of workers only 45% exhibited normal hearing in 1964, while in 1989 the corresponding figure was 88%. The same tendency towards improved hearing could also be seen in the age groups 30-39 and 40-49 years. In the oldest age group, 50-59 years, hearing handicap decreased from 58% in 1964 to 11% in 1989. With the aid of the average hearing loss, it has also been possible to estimate the equivalent noise level to which present-day workers have been exposed, as well as the reduction in level of exposure during the past 25 years. The effects of a long-term technical and medical occupational health care programme including noise-reduction measures and improved use of hearing protectors are discussed.
1964年至1989年期间，对一家汽车钣金冲压厂男性工人的听力损伤情况进行了五次研究。分析了听力阈值数据，以确定不同年龄组因噪声导致的听力损失。后期的听力阈值情况较好。在最年轻的工人群体中，1964年只有45%的人听力正常，而1989年这一数字为88%。在30 - 39岁和40 - 49岁年龄组中也可以看到同样的听力改善趋势。在最年长的年龄组，即50 - 59岁，听力障碍从1964年的58%降至1989年的11%。借助平均听力损失，还可以估计当今工人所接触的等效噪声水平，以及过去25年中接触水平的降低情况。讨论了一项长期技术和医学职业健康护理计划的效果，该计划包括降噪措施和更好地使用听力保护器。
