Prince A M
Laboratory of Virology and Parasitology, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute of The New York Blood Center, NY 10021.
FEMS Microbiol Rev. 1994 Jul;14(3):273-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.1994.tb00099.x.
Impediments to the development of a hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine are reviewed. Foremost is the perception that the limited transmissability of HCV, and reduced spread by blood-associated routes, make this a low priority target. It is argued that such a vaccine may have an important therapeutic use in the treatment of chronic HCV carriers of which an estimated 30 million exist worldwide. An HCV vaccine would also have prophylactic use in multivalent (hepatitis) vaccines, and in the developing world. An effective HCV vaccine will not be easy to develop. The high variability of the viral proteins, especially that of the envelope proteins, provide a major challenge. The association of HCV with very low density lipoproteins renders a major proportion of the virions non-neutralizable, a further challenge. It may be necessary to design an HCV vaccine which acts primarily through the generation of cytotoxic lymphocytes reactive with conserved epitopes displayed on the surface of infected cells.
本文综述了丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）疫苗研发的阻碍因素。首要问题是人们认为HCV的传播性有限，且通过血液相关途径传播的情况减少，使得该疫苗成为低优先级的目标。有人认为，这样一种疫苗在治疗慢性HCV携带者方面可能具有重要的治疗用途，据估计全球有3000万慢性HCV携带者。HCV疫苗在多价（肝炎）疫苗以及发展中国家也将具有预防用途。研发一种有效的HCV疫苗并非易事。病毒蛋白的高度变异性，尤其是包膜蛋白的变异性，构成了一项重大挑战。HCV与极低密度脂蛋白的关联使得大部分病毒粒子不可被中和，这是另一项挑战。可能有必要设计一种HCV疫苗，其主要作用方式是通过产生与感染细胞表面展示的保守表位发生反应的细胞毒性淋巴细胞。
