Viegi G, Baldacci S, Vellutini M, Carrozzi L, Modena P, Pedreschi M, Maggiorelli F, Di Pede F, Paoletti P, Giuntini C
CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, University of Pisa, Italy.
Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 1994 Jun;49(3):191-6.
In order to assess the distribution of asthma in Italy in the 1980s, we have compared the findings of three general population surveys carried out in the North and the Centre of the country. Two cross-sectional investigations were performed in the Po Delta area (North Italy), 6 yrs apart: 1) 3,285 subjects, aged 8-64 yrs, in 1980-1982 (PD1); and 2) 2,841 subjects, aged 8-73 yrs, in 1988-1991 (PD2). One cross-sectional survey was carried out in Pisa (Central Italy): 3,866 subjects, aged 5-90 yrs, in 1985-1988 (PI1). For this analysis we have used data from the standardized questionnaires of those subjects between 18-64 yrs, who were currently employed. The prevalence rate of ever asthma was 3.3-5.5%, that of current asthma 1.3-2.9%; almost all of the diagnoses were confirmed by a doctor. Taking into account only doctor-confirmed asthma, the age of onset of manifestations was most frequently over 18 yrs (41-79%). It also occurred more frequently after the onset of employment. As regards smoking, whilst most asthmatic males were current or former smokers (70-86%), most asthmatic females were nonsmokers. However, the situation changed in PD2, where females showed the same pattern as males. Considering asthmatic subjects with skin-prick test reactivity (data available only in PD2), the vast majority (67% in males, 75% in females) had an age of disease onset under 18 yrs. In conclusion, the prevalence of asthma in Italy in the 1980s was similar to that in other European countries and was affected by atopy and smoking differently in the two sexes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
为评估20世纪80年代意大利哮喘的分布情况，我们比较了在该国北部和中部开展的三项普通人群调查结果。在波河三角洲地区（意大利北部）相隔6年进行了两项横断面调查：1）1980 - 1982年对3285名年龄在8 - 64岁的受试者进行调查（PD1）；2）1988 - 1991年对2841名年龄在8 - 73岁的受试者进行调查（PD2）。在比萨（意大利中部）进行了一项横断面调查：1985 - 1988年对3866名年龄在5 - 90岁的受试者进行调查（PI1）。对于本分析，我们使用了18 - 64岁在职受试者标准化问卷中的数据。曾患哮喘的患病率为3.3% - 5.5%，当前患哮喘的患病率为1.3% - 2.9%；几乎所有诊断均由医生确认。仅考虑医生确诊的哮喘，症状出现的发病年龄最常见于18岁以上（41% - 79%）。发病也更常出现在开始工作之后。关于吸烟，虽然大多数哮喘男性是当前吸烟者或既往吸烟者（70% - 86%），但大多数哮喘女性不吸烟。然而，在PD2中情况发生了变化，女性呈现出与男性相同的模式。考虑有皮肤点刺试验反应性的哮喘受试者（仅PD2有数据），绝大多数（男性为67%，女性为75%）发病年龄在18岁以下。总之，20世纪80年代意大利哮喘的患病率与其他欧洲国家相似，且在两性中受特应性和吸烟的影响不同。（摘要截取自250词）
