Art T, Votion D, McEntee K, Amory H, Linden A, Close R, Lekeux P
Centre de Médecine Sportive Equine, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Liège, Belgium.
Vet Res. 1994;25(4):361-70.
Two randomly distributed groups of thoroughbred horses were compared during a 12-week period for their cardio-respiratory and metabolic adjustment to strenuous exercise, training and detraining. The horses were trained following the same standardized schedule and were regularly investigated using standardized treadmill exercise tests (SET) of increasing speed. After the first SET and during the whole experimental period, a group of 6 horses received a probiotic (Bioracing) once a day while a group of 5 horses received a placebo. All other conditions were similar for both groups. During each SET, the oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide output, tidal volume (inspired volume), respiratory rate and expired minute volume were obtained using 2 ultrasonic pneumotachographs and a mass spectrometer. All the parameters were the mean of the values calculated during the last 20 s of the SET. Heart rate was continuously measured with a polar horse tester. Venous blood was sampled before and after the test and analyzed for various biochemical parameters. In both groups, training induced significant modification in most of the cardio-respiratory parameters, ie peak oxygen uptake, peak carbon dioxide output, respiratory exchange ratio, ventilation/min to oxygen-uptake ratio and oxygen-uptake to heart-rate ratio. After the 3-week detraining period, most of the values were again similar to the pre-training values in both groups. However, the training-induced modifications of most of the cardio-respiratory parameters occurred earlier and were proportionally greater in the probiotic-treated group than in the control. The respiratory coefficient decreased in the control but not in the treated group. All other parameters changed similarly in both groups. This suggests that Bioracing could modify the physiological effects of training by improving some aerobic metabolic capacities for carbohydrate utilization, but that this effect occurs only during training and not during periods of physical inactivity.
在为期12周的时间里，对两组随机分布的纯种马进行了比较，观察它们在剧烈运动、训练和停训过程中的心肺和代谢调节情况。这些马按照相同的标准化训练计划进行训练，并定期使用速度递增的标准化跑步机运动测试（SET）进行检查。在第一次SET之后以及整个实验期间，一组6匹马每天接受一次益生菌（Bioracing），而另一组5匹马接受安慰剂。两组的所有其他条件均相似。在每次SET期间，使用两台超声呼吸流速仪和一台质谱仪获取氧气摄取量、二氧化碳排出量、潮气量（吸入量）、呼吸频率和每分钟呼出量。所有参数均为SET最后20秒内计算值的平均值。心率通过极地马测试仪连续测量。在测试前后采集静脉血样，并分析各种生化参数。在两组中，训练均使大多数心肺参数发生了显著变化，即峰值氧气摄取量、峰值二氧化碳排出量、呼吸交换率、通气/分钟与氧气摄取量之比以及氧气摄取量与心率之比。在为期3周的停训期后，两组中的大多数值再次与训练前的值相似。然而，与对照组相比，益生菌处理组中大多数心肺参数的训练诱导变化出现得更早，且变化程度更大。对照组的呼吸系数下降，而处理组则未下降。两组中所有其他参数的变化相似。这表明Bioracing可能通过提高碳水化合物利用的一些有氧代谢能力来改变训练的生理效应，但这种效应仅在训练期间出现，而在身体不活动期间则不会出现。
