Hardin S B, Weinrich M, Weinrich S, Hardin T L, Garrison C
College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208.
J Trauma Stress. 1994 Jul;7(3):427-40. doi: 10.1007/BF02102787.
To ascertain the effects of a natural disaster on adolescents, 1482 South Carolina high school students who were exposed to Hurricane Hugo were surveyed 1 year after the disaster. Subjects completed a self-administered questionnaire measuring Hugo exposure, nonviolent and violent life events, social support, self-efficacy, and psychological distress. Results showed that the students reported minimal exposure to the hurricane and psychological distress variables approximated national norms. As exposure increased, adolescents reported increased symptoms of psychological distress; i.e., anger, depression, anxiety, and global mental distress. Females and white students experienced higher levels of distress. In most cases, other stressful life events were at least as strong a predictor of psychological distress as was exposure to the hurricane. Self-efficacy and social support were protective.
为确定自然灾害对青少年的影响，在灾难发生1年后，对1482名遭受雨果飓风袭击的南卡罗来纳州高中生进行了调查。研究对象完成了一份自我管理的问卷，该问卷测量了他们接触雨果飓风的情况、非暴力和暴力生活事件、社会支持、自我效能感以及心理困扰。结果显示，学生们报告称接触飓风的程度最低，心理困扰变量接近全国平均水平。随着接触程度的增加，青少年报告的心理困扰症状有所增加，即愤怒、抑郁、焦虑和总体精神困扰。女性和白人学生经历的困扰程度更高。在大多数情况下，其他压力性生活事件至少与接触飓风一样，是心理困扰的有力预测因素。自我效能感和社会支持具有保护作用。
