Cummings K M
Department of Cancer Control and Epidemiology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263.
Cancer. 1994 Oct 1;74(7 Suppl):2062-6. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19941001)74:7+<2062::aid-cncr2820741713>3.0.co;2-v.
The American Stop Smoking Intervention Study for Cancer Prevention (ASSIST) is a collaborative effort of the National Cancer Institute, the American Cancer Society, state health departments, and other public and private organizations to develop comprehensive tobacco use control programs in 17 states. The two main goals of the project are to reduce adult smoking prevalence to 15% or less and to reduce the rates of smoking initiation among adolescents by 50% by the year 2000. There is strong consensus within the tobacco-control field of what needs to be done to accomplish these goals. The key elements of a comprehensive tobacco control effort include (1) an excise tax policy based on raising the real price of tobacco, (2) a ban on all forms of tobacco advertising and promotion, (3) product regulation to reduce the harmful constituents found in tobacco and enforce the use of strong and prominent package warnings, (4) the enactment of policies that protect nonsmokers from inhaling tobacco smoke, (5) comprehensive efforts to eliminate minors' access to tobacco products, (6) ongoing and adequately funded efforts to educate the public about the harmful effects of tobacco, (7) the availability of cessation assistance to persons interested in discontinuing the use of tobacco, and (8) the ending of all financial assistance to the tobacco-growing industry. Because older Americans represent a growing and political influential segment of our society, the enactment of effective tobacco control policies depends in part on generating support for such measures among older citizens. This article outlines several ways in which organizations such as American Association of Retired Persons and the American Cancer Society can work together to advocate meaningful tobacco control policies (e.g., higher excise taxes, clean indoor air laws, etc.).
美国癌症预防戒烟干预研究(ASSIST)是美国国立癌症研究所、美国癌症协会、各州卫生部门以及其他公共和私人组织的一项合作项目,旨在17个州开展全面的烟草使用控制项目。该项目的两个主要目标是到2000年将成年人吸烟率降至15%或更低,并将青少年吸烟起始率降低50%。在烟草控制领域,对于实现这些目标需要采取的措施已达成强烈共识。全面烟草控制工作的关键要素包括:(1)基于提高烟草实际价格的消费税政策;(2)禁止所有形式的烟草广告和促销活动;(3)进行产品监管,以减少烟草中的有害成分,并强制使用醒目且有力的包装警示;(4)制定政策保护非吸烟者免受吸入烟草烟雾的危害;(5)全面努力杜绝未成年人获取烟草产品;(6)持续且有充足资金支持的公众教育活动,以告知烟草的有害影响;(7)为有意戒烟者提供戒烟援助;(8)终止对烟草种植行业的所有财政援助。由于美国老年人在我们社会中所占比例不断增加且具有政治影响力,有效烟草控制政策的制定部分取决于在老年公民中获得对这些措施的支持。本文概述了美国退休人员协会和美国癌症协会等组织可以共同努力倡导有意义的烟草控制政策(如提高消费税、制定清洁室内空气法等)的几种方式。