Myers L H
Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg 24061-0401.
J Nutr. 1994 Sep;124(9 Suppl):1853S-1859S. doi: 10.1093/jn/124.suppl_9.1853S.
Food and agricultural policy strives to provide stable, safe, nutritional, and affordable food supplies with policies on farm income, low-income food security, food safety (including nutritional risk), and nutrition education. For each policy area, comparisons are made between food consumption data needs and information currently collected with four human nutrition monitoring system components administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Identified data gaps become the basis for recommendations for future data needs. Food consumption data are essential to management of programs. However, many food safety and nutritional well-being issues require specific food product consumption data for high risk groups. Sampling procedures are often too aggregate to meet these needs. Food consumed away-from-home is not well measured, yet this market segment now accounts for about half of all consumer food expenditures. Surveys should be designed to provide complementary and additive data. A premium should be placed on standardizing household description variables to enable "splicing" together data from different surveys. Survey continuity across time is essential. Data collection should be planned with funding limitations and respondent burden in mind so that a balance is achieved between survey objectives and the practical constraints of obtaining accurate data.
粮食与农业政策致力于通过有关农场收入、低收入粮食安全、食品安全（包括营养风险）和营养教育的政策，提供稳定、安全、营养且价格合理的食品供应。针对每个政策领域，对食品消费数据需求与美国农业部管理的四个人类营养监测系统组成部分目前收集的信息进行了比较。确定的数据差距成为未来数据需求建议的基础。食品消费数据对项目管理至关重要。然而，许多食品安全和营养福祉问题需要高风险群体的特定食品消费数据。抽样程序往往过于笼统，无法满足这些需求。外出就餐时所消费的食品计量不准确，但这一市场领域目前约占所有消费者食品支出的一半。调查应设计为提供补充性和累加性数据。应高度重视标准化家庭描述变量，以便将来自不同调查的数据“拼接”在一起。跨时间的调查连续性至关重要。在规划数据收集时应考虑资金限制和受访者负担，以便在调查目标与获取准确数据的实际限制之间取得平衡。
