Wallois F, Macron J M
Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, CNRS URA 1331, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Picardie, Amiens, France.
Respir Physiol. 1994 Jun;97(1):47-62. doi: 10.1016/0034-5687(94)90011-6.
In cats, we studied the activity of laryngeal, thoracic and abdominal muscles and the variations in oesophageal pressure in response to air puff stimulations of the nasal mucosa. Following single stimulations, inspiratory and laryngeal dilator muscles were transiently inhibited. During inspiratory inhibition, expiratory muscles and laryngeal constrictor were transiently activated. Repetitive air puff stimulations, which induced sneeze, evoked a similar pattern of transient activities during the inspiratory preparation of sneeze. This resulted in transient fluctuations of the oesophageal pressure, whose mean value became more negative as the preparatory inspiration enhanced. Our results suggest that the entire pool of respiratory neurons (bulbospinal, vagal and facial) works together in the sneeze reflex. Study of transient inspiratory inhibition demonstrates two periods during the preparatory inspiration phase of sneeze. In the first period transient effects are related to each shock of the stimulation. The second period is characterized by a diminution or a lack of transient effects associated with the stimulation. At the end of the expulsive phase, the diaphragm and the glottal dilator were further activated.
在猫身上，我们研究了喉肌、胸肌和腹肌的活动以及食管压力的变化，这些变化是对鼻粘膜吹气刺激的反应。单次刺激后，吸气肌和喉扩张肌会短暂受到抑制。在吸气抑制期间，呼气肌和喉收缩肌会短暂激活。诱发喷嚏的重复性吹气刺激在喷嚏的吸气准备阶段引发了类似的短暂活动模式。这导致食管压力出现短暂波动，随着准备性吸气增强，其平均值变得更负。我们的结果表明，整个呼吸神经元池（延髓脊髓、迷走神经和面部神经的）在喷嚏反射中协同工作。对短暂吸气抑制的研究表明，在喷嚏的准备性吸气阶段有两个时期。在第一个时期，短暂效应与每次刺激冲击有关。第二个时期的特征是与刺激相关的短暂效应减弱或缺乏。在呼气阶段结束时，膈肌和声门扩张肌会进一步激活。
