孕妇血清可替宁水平的黑白差异及其对婴儿出生体重的后续影响。
Black-white differences in serum cotinine levels among pregnant women and subsequent effects on infant birthweight.
作者信息
English P B, Eskenazi B, Christianson R E
机构信息
Maternal and Child Health and Epidemiology Programs, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley 94720.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1994 Sep;84(9):1439-43. doi: 10.2105/ajph.84.9.1439.
OBJECTIVES
Higher levels of serum cotinine (a metabolite of nicotine) have been found in Black smokers than in White smokers even after self-reported cigarette dose was controlled. It is unknown whether higher cotinine levels in Black pregnant smokers may increase the risk of delivering an infant of reduced birthweight.
METHODS
We analyzed serum cotinine levels of 374 Black and 829 White women who smoked during pregnancy and who delivered between April 1964 and April 1967. Racial differences in the relationship between cotinine and birthweight were examined.
RESULTS
Cotinine levels were 27.4 ng/mL higher in Black smokers after cigarette dose and confounding variables were controlled. Blacks had higher cotinine levels than Whites at each dose. No significant racial differences in the rate of decrease in birthweight per nanogram of cotinine per milliliter were found.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results confirm previous research showing higher cotinine levels at each smoking dose in Black smokers than in White smokers. Because there was no difference in the rate of decrease in birthweight due to cotinine, our results suggest that cigarette smoking among Blacks may have a greater effect on birthweight than it does among Whites.
目的
即使在控制了自我报告的吸烟量之后，黑人吸烟者的血清可替宁（尼古丁的一种代谢物）水平仍高于白人吸烟者。尚不清楚黑人孕妇吸烟者中较高的可替宁水平是否会增加分娩低体重婴儿的风险。
方法
我们分析了1964年4月至1967年4月期间怀孕吸烟且分娩的374名黑人女性和829名白人女性的血清可替宁水平。研究了可替宁与出生体重之间关系的种族差异。
结果
在控制了吸烟量和混杂变量后，黑人吸烟者的可替宁水平高出27.4纳克/毫升。在每个吸烟量水平上，黑人的可替宁水平都高于白人。每毫升可替宁每纳克出生体重下降率未发现显著的种族差异。
结论
我们的结果证实了先前的研究，即黑人吸烟者在每个吸烟量水平上的可替宁水平都高于白人吸烟者。由于可替宁导致的出生体重下降率没有差异，我们的结果表明，黑人吸烟对出生体重的影响可能比白人更大。
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