Lauritzen J B, Petersen M M, Lund B
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery U 2161, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Lancet. 1993 Jan 2;341(8836):11-3. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(93)92480-h.
Most hip fractures seem to be related to trauma near the hip, so a controlled trial was conducted to investigate the effect of external hip protectors on the prevention of such fractures in residents of a nursing home. 10 of the 28 wards in the nursing home were randomised to receive external hip protectors; thus 167 women and 80 men were given protectors and 277 and 141 men no protectors. A fall register was set up for 2 treatment wards (45 residents) and 2 control wards (76 residents). There were 8 hip and 15 non-hip fractures in the hip-protector group and 31 hip and 27 non-hip fractures in the control group. The relative risk of hip fractures among women and men in the intervention group was 0.44 (95% CI 0.21-0.94). None of the 8 residents in the intervention group who had a hip fracture was wearing the device at the time of the fracture. 154 falls were registered and 20% of these falls produced a direct impact to the hip. In 25 falls direct impact to the hip was sustained at a time when hip protectors were not being worn, and 6 fractures were produced. The study indicates that external hip protectors can prevent hip fractures in nursing-home residents.
多数髋部骨折似乎与髋部附近的创伤有关，因此开展了一项对照试验，以研究外部髋部保护器对预防养老院居民此类骨折的效果。该养老院28个病房中的10个被随机分配接受外部髋部保护器；因此，167名女性和80名男性被给予了保护器，277名女性和141名男性未给予保护器。为2个治疗病房（45名居民）和2个对照病房（76名居民）设立了跌倒登记册。髋部保护器组有8例髋部骨折和15例非髋部骨折，对照组有31例髋部骨折和27例非髋部骨折。干预组中女性和男性髋部骨折的相对风险为0.44（95%可信区间0.21 - 0.94）。干预组8例髋部骨折的居民中，骨折发生时无一人佩戴该装置。登记了154次跌倒，其中20%的跌倒对髋部产生了直接撞击。在25次跌倒中，髋部在未佩戴髋部保护器时受到了直接撞击，导致6例骨折。该研究表明，外部髋部保护器可预防养老院居民的髋部骨折。
