Saul A
Tropical Health Program, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia.
Acta Trop. 1993 Jan;52(4):283-96. doi: 10.1016/0001-706x(93)90013-2.
The effect of vaccines against the pre-erythrocytic, the erythrocytic and the sexual stages of malaria on the transmission of malaria was examined using a simulation model of seasonal or epidemic transmission. The primary outcome of the model was the number of cases of malaria present at the end of the transmission season. A range of efficacy for the vaccine, or of coverage of the population and of vectorial capacities were tested for each vaccine type. For a similar level of efficacy or coverage under conditions simulating hypo or mesoendemic malaria, all types of vaccines gave similar decreases in the number of people infected. Although all vaccine types gave significant reductions in malaria incidence at efficacy or coverage levels considerably lower than that required to completely block transmission, this reduction in case numbers was highly dependent on the vectorial capacity. The simulation model is equally applicable to other transmission blocking measures such as insecticide treated bed nets.
使用季节性或流行性传播的模拟模型，研究了针对疟疾的前红细胞期、红细胞期和有性期的疫苗对疟疾传播的影响。该模型的主要结果是传播季节结束时出现的疟疾病例数。针对每种疫苗类型，测试了一系列疫苗效力、人群覆盖率和媒介能力。在模拟低流行或中流行疟疾的条件下，对于相似的效力或覆盖率水平，所有类型的疫苗在感染人数减少方面表现相似。尽管所有疫苗类型在效力或覆盖率水平远低于完全阻断传播所需水平时，都能显著降低疟疾发病率，但病例数的减少高度依赖于媒介能力。该模拟模型同样适用于其他传播阻断措施，如经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐。
