Rossant J, Bernelot-Moens C, Nagy A
Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1993 Feb 27;339(1288):207-15. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1993.0018.
Embryonic stem (ES) cells derived from pluripotent cells of the early mouse embryo provide a powerful tool for genome manipulation in mammals. Dominantly acting effects can be achieved by introducing constructs to misexpress or ectopically express a gene product, express an altered product or express antisense constructs. Use of ES cell chimeras to analyse the effects of such alterations may provide information not readily available from transgenic mice. However, the most important use of ES cells, to date, is in the generation of recessive mutations, either in known genes by targeted mutagenesis or randomly by insertional mutagenesis. Examples of these approaches and possible future strategies are discussed.
源自早期小鼠胚胎多能细胞的胚胎干细胞（ES细胞）为哺乳动物的基因组操作提供了一个强大的工具。通过引入构建体以错误表达或异位表达基因产物、表达改变的产物或表达反义构建体，可以实现显性作用效应。利用ES细胞嵌合体来分析此类改变的影响可能会提供从转基因小鼠中不易获得的信息。然而，迄今为止，ES细胞最重要的用途是产生隐性突变，无论是通过靶向诱变在已知基因中产生，还是通过插入诱变随机产生。本文讨论了这些方法的实例以及可能的未来策略。
