Joyner A L
Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Bioessays. 1991 Dec;13(12):649-56. doi: 10.1002/bies.950131206.
Mouse embryonic stem cell lines offer an attractive route for introducing rare genetic alternations into the gene pool since the cells can be pre-screened in culture and the mutations then transmitted into the germline through chimera production. Two applications of this technique that seem ideally suited for a genetic analysis of development are enhancer and gene trap screens for loci expressed during gastrulation and production of targeted mutations using homologous recombination. These approaches should greatly increase the number of mouse developmental mutants available and help to elucidate the genetic hierarchy controlling embryogenesis.
小鼠胚胎干细胞系为将罕见的基因改变引入基因库提供了一条有吸引力的途径，因为这些细胞可以在培养中进行预筛选，然后通过嵌合体的产生将突变传递到生殖系中。这项技术的两种应用似乎非常适合发育的遗传分析，即针对原肠胚形成过程中表达的基因座进行增强子和基因陷阱筛选，以及利用同源重组产生靶向突变。这些方法将大大增加可用的小鼠发育突变体的数量，并有助于阐明控制胚胎发生的遗传层次。
