Kanner B I
Department of Biochemistry, Hadassah Medical School, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
FEBS Lett. 1993 Jun 28;325(1-2):95-9. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(93)81421-u.
The removal of neurotransmitters by their transporters in presynaptic nerve terminals and glial cells plays an important role in the termination of synaptic transmission. Many neurotransmitter transporters, which are sodium- and chloride-coupled, have been cloned and shown to constitute a large superfamily. Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. If not efficiently removed, it causes death of neuronal cells. Its transporter couples the flow of glutamate to that of sodium and potassium. Recently three different but related glutamate transporters have been cloned, which have no significant homology to the members of the superfamily.
神经递质通过其位于突触前神经末梢和神经胶质细胞中的转运体被清除，这在突触传递的终止过程中发挥着重要作用。许多与钠和氯偶联的神经递质转运体已被克隆，并显示它们构成了一个庞大的超家族。谷氨酸是中枢神经系统中的主要兴奋性神经递质。如果不能被有效清除，它会导致神经元细胞死亡。其转运体将谷氨酸的流动与钠和钾的流动偶联起来。最近，三种不同但相关的谷氨酸转运体已被克隆，它们与该超家族的成员没有明显的同源性。
