Lukaszyk A, Reiter R J
Am J Anat. 1975 Aug;143(4):451-64. doi: 10.1002/aja.1001430404.
Histophysiological examinations of the bovine and monkey pineal gland indicate that this organ may be involved in the secretion of polypeptides. Using various histochemical procedures designed to identify peptide-secreting cells, granules and/or droplets of presumptive secretory product were identified within cellular processes, within the walls of blood vessels and associated with multilayered corpuscles (corpora arenacea). In bovine pineal tissue, the stained material was found most often in what appeared to be pinealocyte processes, as perivascular granules and associated with multilayered corpuscles. In the monkey pineal the stainable material was more distinct; this was probably due to the earlier fixation of the glands after death of the animals. In this species, the presumptive secretory material was found in nerve fibers, occasionally in glial cell and pinealocyte processes and within and around the walls of capillaries. In nerve fibers, the stained material sometimes resembled Herring bodies of the posterior pituitary gland. Similar material appeared to be located in capillary endothelial cells and within multilayered corpuscles. In pineal tissue of both species, calcium was detectable histochemically within multilayered corpuscles. Although tinctorially different, the presumptive neurosecretory material was similar to that found in the posterior pituitary gland. As a working hypothesis, we propose that polypeptides may be released from cells in conjunction with a carrier protein and that the mechanism of secretion of the polypeptide into the vascular system may involve its exchange for calcium. The calcium is then theoretically deposited in the multilayered corpuscles.
对牛和猴的松果体进行的组织生理学检查表明，该器官可能参与多肽的分泌。使用各种旨在识别肽分泌细胞的组织化学方法，在细胞突起内、血管壁内以及与多层小体（脑砂）相关的部位，发现了推测为分泌产物的颗粒和/或液滴。在牛的松果体组织中，染色物质最常出现在似乎是松果体细胞的突起中，作为血管周围颗粒并与多层小体相关。在猴的松果体中，可染色物质更明显；这可能是由于动物死后腺体固定较早。在该物种中，推测的分泌物质存在于神经纤维中，偶尔存在于神经胶质细胞和松果体细胞的突起中以及毛细血管壁内和周围。在神经纤维中，染色物质有时类似于垂体后叶的赫林体。类似的物质似乎位于毛细血管内皮细胞和多层小体中。在这两个物种的松果体组织中，通过组织化学方法可在多层小体中检测到钙。尽管在染色上有所不同，但推测的神经分泌物质与垂体后叶中发现的物质相似。作为一个可行的假设，我们提出多肽可能与载体蛋白一起从细胞中释放出来，并且多肽分泌到血管系统中的机制可能涉及其与钙的交换。然后理论上钙沉积在多层小体中。
