Pantaleo G, Graziosi C, Fauci A S
Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Semin Immunol. 1993 Jun;5(3):157-63. doi: 10.1006/smim.1993.1019.
Following primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, HIV disease is characterized by a prolonged period, usually lasting several years, of clinical latency. During this period viremia is generally very low or undetectable, the number of infected cells (i.e. viral burden) in the blood are very low, and the levels of viral replication in these cells are barely detectable. These findings have been interpreted as a reflection of a phase of inactive HIV disease during which time HIV replicates very slowly or its replicating ability is kept under control by effective HIV specific immune responses. However, during this period a general deterioration of immune function and progressive depletion of CD4+ T cells occur; the inevitable outcome is clinically apparent disease. In the present article, we describe a model of disease development in which HIV infection is both active and progressive in the lymphoid organs during the clinically latent period of HIV infection when there are few, if any, signs of disease activity in peripheral blood.
在原发性人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染后，HIV疾病的特征是临床潜伏期延长，通常持续数年。在此期间，病毒血症一般非常低或检测不到，血液中受感染细胞的数量（即病毒载量）非常低，这些细胞中的病毒复制水平几乎检测不到。这些发现被解释为反映了HIV疾病不活跃阶段，在此期间HIV复制非常缓慢，或者其复制能力通过有效的HIV特异性免疫反应得到控制。然而，在此期间，免疫功能普遍恶化，CD4+T细胞逐渐耗竭；不可避免的结果是临床上明显的疾病。在本文中，我们描述了一种疾病发展模型，其中在HIV感染的临床潜伏期，当外周血中几乎没有疾病活动迹象时，HIV感染在淋巴器官中既是活跃的又是进展性的。
