Iguchi M Y, Handelsman L, Bickel W K, Griffiths R R
Hahnemann University School of Medicine, Department of Mental Health Sciences, Philadelphia, PA 19102-1192.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1993 May;32(3):257-66. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(93)90090-d.
Clients at three geographically separate methadone maintenance clinics were surveyed regarding their lifetime use of ten commonly used benzodiazepines and barbiturates. In Baltimore (n = 50), 94% reported use of one or more of these drugs in their lifetime, with 66% reporting use in the last 6 months. In Philadelphia (n = 218), 78% reported use in their lifetime, with 53% reporting use in the last 6 months. In New York City (The Bronx) (n = 279), 86% reported use in their lifetime, with 44% reporting use in the last 6 months. Subjects reporting a history of use of at least 7 of 10 of the named sedatives were recruited for a more detailed interview. They reported that, among the benzodiazepines, diazepam, lorazepam, and alprazolam were frequently used for their 'high' producing effects, and for selling to produce income. In contrast, chlordiazepoxide, oxazepam, and phenobarbital, had much lower ratings of 'high' and were much less likely to be obtained for getting 'high' or for resale.
针对位于三个地理位置分散的美沙酮维持治疗诊所的客户，就其一生中对十种常用苯二氮䓬类药物和巴比妥类药物的使用情况进行了调查。在巴尔的摩（n = 50），94%的人报告在其一生中使用过一种或多种此类药物，66%的人报告在过去6个月内使用过。在费城（n = 218），78%的人报告在其一生中使用过，53%的人报告在过去6个月内使用过。在纽约市（布朗克斯区）（n = 279），86%的人报告在其一生中使用过，44%的人报告在过去6个月内使用过。报告有使用过所提及的10种镇静剂中至少7种药物历史的受试者被招募进行更详细的访谈。他们报告说，在苯二氮䓬类药物中，地西泮、劳拉西泮和阿普唑仑因其能产生“快感”的效果以及用于出售以获取收入而经常被使用。相比之下，氯氮䓬、奥沙西泮和苯巴比妥产生“快感”的评分要低得多，因追求“快感”或转售而获取它们的可能性也小得多。
