San L, Tato J, Torrens M, Castillo C, Farré M, Camí J
Sección de Toxicomanías, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1993 May;32(3):281-6. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(93)90093-6.
The use of benzodiazepines among 973 heroin addicts admitted for inpatient detoxification over a 10-year period was assessed in a cross-sectional study. A total of 780 (80.2%) patients had a history of benzodiazepine use; 666 (68.5%) were consuming benzodiazepines at the time of admission and 419 (43.1%) on an almost daily basis. Seventy-five (7.7%) patients fulfilled criteria for sedative-hypnotic abuse or dependence. Consumption of benzodiazepines began after subjects had become addicted to heroin. Flunitrazepam was ranked first by 68.4% of patients, followed by clorazepate (13%), and diazepam (12.4%). The prevalence of benzodiazepine use, in particular flunitrazepam, among heroin addicts is very high. Specific abuse liability studies are needed to determine whether pharmacologic reasons exist to explain heroin addicts' preference for this compound.
在一项横断面研究中，对973名在10年期间因住院戒毒而入院的海洛因成瘾者使用苯二氮䓬类药物的情况进行了评估。共有780名（80.2%）患者有使用苯二氮䓬类药物的历史；666名（68.5%）患者在入院时正在使用苯二氮䓬类药物，419名（43.1%）患者几乎每天都在使用。75名（7.7%）患者符合镇静催眠药滥用或依赖的标准。苯二氮䓬类药物的使用是在受试者对海洛因成瘾之后开始的。68.4%的患者将氟硝西泮列为首选，其次是氯氮䓬（13%）和地西泮（12.4%）。海洛因成瘾者中苯二氮䓬类药物的使用率，尤其是氟硝西泮的使用率非常高。需要进行特定的滥用倾向研究，以确定是否存在药理学原因来解释海洛因成瘾者对这种化合物的偏好。
