神经毒剂梭曼和塔崩对豚鼠大脑皮质突触体中γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）和谷氨酸摄取与释放的影响。

Effects of the nerve agents soman and tabun on the uptake and release of GABA and glutamate in synaptosomes of guinea pig cerebral cortex.

Szilagyi M, Gray P J, Dawson R M

DSTO, Materials Research Laboratory, Melbourne, Australia.

Gen Pharmacol. 1993 May;24(3):663-8. doi: 10.1016/0306-3623(93)90228-p.

Abstract

Crude and purified synaptosomes were prepared from the cerebral cortex of the rat or the guinea pig and used to study the uptake and release of [3H]GABA and [3H]glutamate. 2. Baclofen at 10(-5) M inhibited stimulated release of [3H]GABA from crude rat and guinea pig synaptosomes, but not from purified rat synaptosomes. 3. 1-2 mM tabun decreased the uptake of [3H]GABA and increased the uptake of [3H]glutamate by purified guinea pig synaptosomes. 4. Soman and tabun at 10(-6) M and 10(-5) M inhibited basal release of [3H]GABA and [3H]glutamate from crude guinea pig synaptosomes. Tabun at 10(-5) M decreased stimulated release of [3H]GABA while soman had no effect. 5. The results do not sustain the possibility that nerve agents cause convulsions by affecting the uptake or release of GABA or glutamate. However indirect evidence was obtained that soman and tabun inhibit catabolism of GABA and glutamate.

摘要

从大鼠或豚鼠的大脑皮层制备粗制和纯化的突触体，用于研究[3H]GABA和[3H]谷氨酸的摄取与释放。2. 10^(-5) M的巴氯芬抑制粗制大鼠和豚鼠突触体中[3H]GABA的刺激释放，但不抑制纯化大鼠突触体中[3H]GABA的刺激释放。3. 1 - 2 mM的塔崩降低纯化豚鼠突触体对[3H]GABA的摄取，并增加对[3H]谷氨酸的摄取。4. 10^(-6) M和10^(-5) M的梭曼和塔崩抑制粗制豚鼠突触体中[3H]GABA和[3H]谷氨酸的基础释放。10^(-5) M的塔崩降低[3H]GABA的刺激释放，而梭曼无此作用。5. 结果不支持神经毒剂通过影响GABA或谷氨酸的摄取或释放而导致惊厥的可能性。然而，获得了间接证据表明梭曼和塔崩抑制GABA和谷氨酸的分解代谢。