Frydrych V
Zakładu Fizjologii Pracy, Instytutu Medycyny Pracy, Lodzi.
Med Pr. 1993;44(5):477-83.
The present knowledge on blood pressure variability during occupational physical activity is based almost exclusively on the results obtained from the exercise tests, either isotonic (dynamic) or isometric (static). The findings of several studies indicate that during isotonic exercise in normotensive subjects the systolic blood pressure increases whereas the diastolic blood pressure shows only minor changes. In the hypertensives, both systolic and diastolic pressures tend to increase more substantially. Isometric exercise causes transient systemic hypertension but with individual differences. The exercise test reveal only transient values of systemic blood pressure and they are usually performed in a laboratory or at intervals during the workshift and after work. But still little is known how prolonged occupational physical work affects blood pressure and which of the work factors are involved. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, which makes it possible to obtain many readings a day also during normal working activity, seems to be an important new tool in the research into blood pressure variability. Certainly, it should be helpful in finding answers to some of the questions relating to that problem.
目前关于职业体力活动期间血压变异性的知识几乎完全基于等张（动态）或等长（静态）运动测试所获得的结果。多项研究结果表明，在血压正常的受试者进行等张运动期间，收缩压会升高，而舒张压仅出现轻微变化。在高血压患者中，收缩压和舒张压往往会有更显著的升高。等长运动会导致短暂的全身性高血压，但存在个体差异。运动测试仅揭示全身性血压的瞬时值，而且这些测试通常在实验室进行，或在轮班期间及下班后定期进行。然而，对于长时间的职业体力劳动如何影响血压以及涉及哪些工作因素，我们仍然知之甚少。动态血压监测能够在正常工作活动期间每天获取多个读数，这似乎是研究血压变异性的一项重要新工具。当然，它应该有助于找到与该问题相关的一些问题的答案。
