Harvey R B, Kubena L F, Phillips T D
USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Food Animal Protection Research Laboratory, College Station, TX 77845.
Sci Total Environ. 1993;Suppl Pt 2:1453-7. doi: 10.1016/s0048-9697(05)80150-0.
The aflatoxins (AFs) are reported to be hepatotoxic, mutagenic, immunosuppressive, and carcinogenic. Methods to prevent, reduce, or remediate AF toxicity and residues in the environment are in great demand. Various AF-detoxification procedures are reviewed with particular emphasis on ammoniation and the use of adsorbent compounds to bind AF. A series of in vivo experiments by the authors are reviewed that evaluated the ability of a specific hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) adsorbent to reduce the toxicity of AF to poultry and livestock and to reduce AF residues in milk. These studies showed that HSCAS forms stable bonds with AF in vitro, and when added to AF-contaminated poultry and livestock feeds, HSCAS is able to protect chickens, swine, and lambs from the deleterious toxic effects of AF and to reduce AF residues in milk of dairy cows and goats. These results indicate that HSCAS, when used in conjunction with other mycotoxin management practices, may prove effective for the preventive management of AF-contaminated feedstuffs in livestock and poultry and may reduce AF residues in the food-chain.
据报道，黄曲霉毒素（AFs）具有肝毒性、致突变性、免疫抑制性和致癌性。目前迫切需要预防、减少或修复AF在环境中的毒性和残留的方法。本文综述了各种AF解毒程序，特别强调了氨化作用以及使用吸附剂化合物结合AF。本文还综述了作者进行的一系列体内实验，这些实验评估了一种特定的水合硅铝酸钙钠（HSCAS）吸附剂降低AF对家禽和家畜毒性以及减少牛奶中AF残留的能力。这些研究表明，HSCAS在体外与AF形成稳定的结合，当添加到受AF污染的家禽和家畜饲料中时，HSCAS能够保护鸡、猪和羔羊免受AF的有害毒性影响，并减少奶牛和山羊牛奶中的AF残留。这些结果表明，HSCAS与其他霉菌毒素管理措施联合使用时，可能被证明对预防和管理受AF污染的畜禽饲料有效，并可能减少食物链中的AF残留。
