Hambrecht M, Häfner H
Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Mannheim.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 1993 Dec;61(12):418-23. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-999113.
Among several phase models of beginning schizophrenia, the study by Conrad ("Die beginnende Schizophrenie. Versuch einer Gestaltanalyse des Wahns") was particularly impressive in German psychiatry. The ABC-Schizophrenia-study with its representative sample of 267 first-admissions and a careful retrospective assessment of emerging symptomatology made it possible to test the empirical basis of Conrad's model. In this operationalization "trema" was confirmed as the frequent first stage of the disease process, whereas Conrad's hypothesized order of the two following phrases (first "apophany", then "apocalypse") could not be validated. Therefore, Conrad's model cannot completely be generalized. Because the methods employed so far have some limitations, analyses of additional data (especially reports by significant others) may control and probably enhance the presented results.
在几种早期精神分裂症的阶段模型中，康拉德（《早期精神分裂症：妄想形态分析尝试》）的研究在德国精神病学领域尤为引人注目。ABC精神分裂症研究以267名首次入院患者为代表性样本，并对新出现的症状进行了细致的回顾性评估，从而得以检验康拉德模型的实证基础。在此次操作性研究中，“震颤期”被确认为疾病进程中常见的第一阶段，而康拉德所假设的随后两个阶段的顺序（先是“显相期”，然后是“天启期”）未能得到验证。因此，康拉德的模型无法完全推广。由于目前所采用的方法存在一些局限性，对更多数据（尤其是重要他人的报告）进行分析可能会对所呈现的结果起到控制作用，甚至可能增强这些结果。
