Ito M, Spicer S S, Schulte B A
Department of Pathology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425.
Hear Res. 1993 Dec;71(1-2):230-8. doi: 10.1016/0378-5955(93)90039-4.
Inner ears from five mammalian genera were examined immunohistochemically with a rabbit polyclonal antiserum against the brain type glucose transporter (GLUT1). Vascular endothelial cells distributed widely in soft tissues of the cochlea and vestibular system in all five genera showed uniform immunostaining. The basal cell layer of the stria vascularis also contained GLUT1 in all genera, and in the guinea pig, the strial marginal cells reacted as well. GLUT1 was expressed in satellite cells surrounding spiral ganglion neurons but only in the gerbil and cat. In the developing inner ear of the gerbil, endothelial cells expressed GLUT1 at 2 days after birth, the earliest stage examined. Immunoreactive transporter also was detected at this time in cells lying under strial marginal cells and interpreted as immature basal cells. Satellite cells acquired affinity for GLUT1 antibody between days 12 and 16 after birth. The expression of GLUT1 by the various cell types correlates well with their structural and functional maturation. GLUT1 apparently plays a role in glucose transport in the inner ear where it mediates efflux from blood vessels into perilymph. It also appears to facilitate uptake of glucose by the stria vascularis from interstitial fluid via the basal cell layer and, in some species, by spiral ganglion neurons through satellite cells.
用针对脑型葡萄糖转运蛋白（GLUT1）的兔多克隆抗血清对五个哺乳动物属的内耳进行免疫组织化学检查。在所有五个属中，广泛分布于耳蜗和前庭系统软组织中的血管内皮细胞均呈现一致的免疫染色。所有属的血管纹基底细胞层也含有GLUT1，在豚鼠中，血管纹边缘细胞也有反应。GLUT1在螺旋神经节神经元周围的卫星细胞中表达，但仅在沙鼠和猫中如此。在沙鼠发育中的内耳中，内皮细胞在出生后2天（所检查的最早阶段）就表达GLUT1。此时，在血管纹边缘细胞下方的细胞中也检测到免疫反应性转运蛋白，这些细胞被解释为未成熟的基底细胞。卫星细胞在出生后12至16天之间获得对GLUT1抗体的亲和力。各种细胞类型对GLUT1的表达与其结构和功能成熟密切相关。GLUT1显然在内耳的葡萄糖转运中起作用，它介导葡萄糖从血管流入外淋巴。它似乎还促进血管纹通过基底细胞层从间质液中摄取葡萄糖，并且在某些物种中，促进螺旋神经节神经元通过卫星细胞摄取葡萄糖。
