van Kruysbergen N A, de Weert C M
Nijmegen Institute for Cognition and Information, The Netherlands.
Perception. 1993;22(7):771-84. doi: 10.1068/p220771.
Research concerning the perception of apparent motion is not easy to conduct: it is hard to obtain quantitative results that can be easily interpreted. A solution to this problem is the use of motion aftereffects (MAEs). Adapting subjects to a specific type of motion leads to apparent motion in the opposite direction when the stimulus is removed. However, subjects are aware of the change in stimulus conditions. A new dynamic test stimulus is proposed in order to avoid artefacts introduced by the awareness of the conditions by the subject. A model, derived from earlier observations, is described which includes contributions from monocular and binocular systems. Results from an experiment in which the dynamic test stimulus was used show that they do not necessarily reproduce the results obtained with a static test stimulus. Central monocular systems are added to the model to account for this discrepancy. The 'pooling hypothesis', which states that the MAE is a weighted mean of the processes involved, permits the estimation of the weights of the individual subsystems. The results of the experiments are explained in terms of this hypothesis by the new model.
很难获得易于解释的定量结果。解决这个问题的一个方法是使用运动后效（MAE）。让受试者适应特定类型的运动会导致在移除刺激时出现相反方向的视在运动。然而，受试者会意识到刺激条件的变化。为了避免受试者对条件的意识所引入的假象，提出了一种新的动态测试刺激。描述了一个从早期观察中推导出来的模型，该模型包括单眼和双眼系统的贡献。使用动态测试刺激的实验结果表明，它们不一定能重现使用静态测试刺激所获得的结果。在模型中加入中央单眼系统以解释这种差异。“合并假说”指出运动后效是所涉及过程的加权平均值，这使得能够估计各个子系统的权重。新模型根据这个假说解释了实验结果。
