Katz V L, Moos M K, Cefalo R C, Thorp J M, Bowes W A, Wells S D
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1994 Feb;170(2):521-6. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9378(94)70221-7.
Our purpose was to evaluate and report the results of a protocol for the identification and treatment of all group B streptococcal carriers.
In 1991 we instituted a protocol of antepartum cultures for group B streptococci on all pregnant women who attended clinics at the University of North Carolina Hospitals. Cultures were obtained from the lower third of the vagina and rectum at 24 to 28 weeks' gestation. Women with positive cultures were treated with intravenous antibiotics in labor. Women with signs of chorioamnionitis (through intrapartum assessment) were also treated in labor, regardless of carrier status.
During the first 2 years of this protocol 1681 women were delivered. Forty percent of the women were from the private practice, 32% were black, and 62% were married. The group B streptococcal carriage rate was 14%. During the period of evaluation there were no infants infected with group B streptococci and no adverse reactions or complications among women who were treated with antibiotics.
We found antepartum screening and intrapartum chemoprophylaxis of all group B streptococcal carriers to be an acceptable and effective protocol for reducing perinatal group B streptococcal infections.
我们的目的是评估并报告一项针对所有B族链球菌携带者的识别与治疗方案的结果。
1991年，我们对所有在北卡罗来纳大学医院诊所就诊的孕妇实施了一项B族链球菌产前培养方案。在妊娠24至28周时，从阴道下三分之一和直肠获取培养样本。培养结果呈阳性的女性在分娩时接受静脉抗生素治疗。有绒毛膜羊膜炎体征（通过产时评估）的女性，无论其携带者状态如何，在分娩时也接受治疗。
在该方案实施的头两年，共有1681名女性分娩。40%的女性来自私人诊所，32%为黑人，62%已婚。B族链球菌携带率为14%。在评估期间，没有婴儿感染B族链球菌，接受抗生素治疗的女性中也没有出现不良反应或并发症。
我们发现对所有B族链球菌携带者进行产前筛查和产时化学预防是一种可接受且有效的减少围产期B族链球菌感染的方案。
