Li Y, Engle M, Weiss N, Mandelco L, Wiegel J
Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602.
Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1994 Jan;44(1):111-8. doi: 10.1099/00207713-44-1-111.
An anaerobic and thermophilic alkaliphile, strain JW/YL23-2T (T = type strain), was isolated from sewage sludge obtained from a sewage plant in Atlanta, Ga. At pH 10.1 and 50 degrees C, the doubling time of this strain was 19 min. Strain JW/YL23-2T, a motile rod-shaped bacterium with 2 to 12 peritrichous flagella, exhibited a negative Gram stain reaction but was gram-type positive as judged by the polymyxin B test. No heat-stable (85 degrees C, 15 min) endospores were detected. At 50 degrees C, growth occurred at pH values ranging from 7.0 to 11.0; the optimum pH was 9.6 to 10.1. The temperature range for growth ranged from 27 to 57.5 degrees C; the optimum temperature was 48 to 51 degrees C (pH 10.1). Dissimilatory sulfate reduction was not detected. The organism utilized glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, and Casamino Acids. The DNA G+C content was 32 mol% (as determined by chemical analysis). A 16S rRNA sequence analysis revealed a 2% inferred evolutionary distance to Clostridium paradoxum. However, the cell wall type of strain JW/YL23-2T was A4 beta (L-Orn-D-Asp), while that of C. paradoxum was A1 tau (m-diaminopimelic acid direct). On the basis of the alkaline pH values and high temperatures for optimal growth, the inability to form spores, and other characteristics different from C. paradoxum characteristics, strain JW/YL-23-2 was placed in a new species, Clostridium thermoalcaliphilum; JW/YL23-2 (= DSM 7309) is the type strain of this new species.
从佐治亚州亚特兰大市一家污水处理厂的污水污泥中分离出一株厌氧嗜热嗜碱菌，菌株JW/YL23-2T（T = 模式菌株）。在pH 10.1和50℃条件下，该菌株的倍增时间为19分钟。菌株JW/YL23-2T是一种具运动性的杆状细菌，有2至12根周生鞭毛，革兰氏染色呈阴性反应，但经多粘菌素B试验判断为革兰氏阳性类型。未检测到耐热（85℃，15分钟）芽孢。在50℃时，pH值在7.0至11.0范围内可生长；最适pH为9.6至10.1。生长温度范围为27至57.5℃；最适温度为48至51℃（pH 10.1）。未检测到异化型硫酸盐还原作用。该菌利用葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、纤维二糖和酪蛋白氨基酸。DNA的G+C含量为32 mol%（通过化学分析测定）。16S rRNA序列分析显示，与奇异梭菌的推断进化距离为2%。然而，菌株JW/YL23-2T的细胞壁类型为A4β（L-鸟氨酸-D-天冬氨酸），而奇异梭菌的为A1τ（间二氨基庚二酸直接型）。基于最佳生长的碱性pH值和高温、不能形成芽孢以及其他与奇异梭菌不同的特征，菌株JW/YL-23-2被归入一个新物种，嗜热嗜碱梭菌；JW/YL23-2（= DSM 7309）是该新物种的模式菌株。
