Dalla Barba G
U. 324 I.N.S.E.R.M., Centre Paul Broca, Paris, France.
Cortex. 1993 Dec;29(4):567-81. doi: 10.1016/s0010-9452(13)80281-x.
In this study we investigated the amnesic-confabulatory condition of two patients, M.B. and S.D., exhibiting different patterns of confabulation. Neuropsychological examination showed in M.B. a normal intellectual efficiency and a selective deficit of episodic memory, whereas S.D. was impaired in tests of intellectual efficiency, episodic memory, semantic knowledge and frontal functions. The relation of confabulation to retrieval conditions and the degree of impairment of the semantic memory system was investigated with a set of questions involving the retrieval of various kinds of information. In M.B. confabulation was restricted to episodic memory tasks, whereas in S.D. it also affected the retrieval of semantic information. S.D.'s confabulatory reports were 'semantically anomalous', whereas the semantic structure of M.B.'s confabulations was appropriate. Further investigation using the encoding specificity paradigm showed an interaction of encoding/retrieval conditions in M.B. but not in S.D. This pattern of results is discussed in terms of a different level of disruption of processes that normally monitor the retrieval of information. It is further argued that the confabulation content must be considered in terms of its semantic structure and relies on the level of integrity of semantic knowledge.
在本研究中，我们调查了两名患者M.B.和S.D.的遗忘-虚构状况，他们表现出不同的虚构模式。神经心理学检查显示，M.B.的智力效率正常，但情节记忆存在选择性缺陷，而S.D.在智力效率、情节记忆、语义知识和额叶功能测试中均受损。我们通过一组涉及各种信息检索的问题，研究了虚构与检索条件以及语义记忆系统受损程度之间的关系。在M.B.中，虚构仅限于情节记忆任务，而在S.D.中，虚构还影响语义信息的检索。S.D.的虚构报告在“语义上异常”，而M.B.虚构的语义结构是恰当的。使用编码特异性范式的进一步研究表明，M.B.存在编码/检索条件的相互作用，而S.D.则不存在。我们根据通常监测信息检索的过程受到干扰的不同程度来讨论这种结果模式。进一步认为，必须根据虚构内容的语义结构来考虑虚构内容，并且虚构内容依赖于语义知识的完整程度。
