Fuentes L J, Ortells J J
Dpto. Psicología Experimental y Fisiología del Comportamiento, Facultad de Humanidades, Campus Universitario, Almería, Spain.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 1993 Dec;84(3):213-29. doi: 10.1016/0001-6918(93)90061-u.
In this study we used a modified Stroop word-color task in which the target was a centrally fixated color frame and the distractor was an incompatible, compatible or non-color word. In Experiment 1 distractors were located either within (the inside condition) or outside the frame, at distances of 1.3 deg (near-outside condition) or 2 deg (far-outside condition). In Experiment 2 only the inside and the far conditions were used. The stimuli were on the screen for 150 msec (Experiment 1) or 50 msec (Experiment 2). A non-distractor condition was also included. In Experiment 1, incompatible distractors interfered with naming target colors, and this effect disappeared when the distractor was located far from the target. However, facilitation from compatible distractors was reliable in the farther location. These results were replicated in Experiment 2. The data suggest that (1) unattended items are processed semantically; (2) that facilitation and interference from words in color naming tasks can be caused by different mechanisms; and (3) that distractors are processed differently according to whether they are near or far from fixation.
在本研究中，我们使用了一种改良的斯特鲁普文字-颜色任务，其中目标是一个位于中央的固定颜色框架，干扰物是一个不兼容、兼容或非颜色的单词。在实验1中，干扰物位于框架内（内部条件）或框架外，距离分别为1.3度（近外部条件）或2度（远外部条件）。在实验2中，仅使用了内部和远条件。刺激在屏幕上呈现150毫秒（实验1）或50毫秒（实验2）。还包括一个无干扰物条件。在实验1中，不兼容的干扰物会干扰对目标颜色的命名，当干扰物远离目标时，这种效应消失。然而，在较远位置，兼容干扰物的促进作用是可靠的。这些结果在实验2中得到了重复。数据表明：（1）未被注意的项目会进行语义加工；（2）颜色命名任务中单词的促进作用和干扰作用可能由不同机制引起；（3）干扰物根据其与注视点的远近而有不同的加工方式。
