Long G M, Lyman B J
Br J Psychol. 1987 May;78 ( Pt 2):151-62. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1987.tb02236.x.
Two experiments are presented which used a form of the Stroop colour-word task to study the processing of target and distractor information under changing conditions of temporal and spatial proximity. Experiment 1 focused on the marked empirical discrepancies in previous research reported in the recent literature. A coloured target and a distractor (neutral, facilitative or interfering) that were separated by variable onset asynchronies were presented foveally to observers. The findings of this study indicate strong distractor effects on response latency at the intermediate stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) (around 0 ms) and a clear monotonic decrease in reaction time for colour naming at extreme positive and negative SOAs. Experiment 2 used this same task but presented targets parafoveally and distractors foveally. This manipulation resulted in the same general pattern of processing as found in Expt 1. In addition, a laterality effect was found when the target and distractor were incongruent; the left visual field/right hemisphere showed significantly greater interference as indicated by longer reaction times. These results are discussed in terms of current models of information processing of compound stimuli.
本文介绍了两项实验，这两项实验采用了一种形式的斯特鲁普颜色-文字任务，以研究在时间和空间接近度不断变化的条件下目标和干扰信息的处理情况。实验1聚焦于近期文献中报道的以往研究中明显的实证差异。向观察者中央凹呈现由可变起始异步分隔的彩色目标和干扰物（中性、促进性或干扰性）。本研究结果表明，在中间刺激起始异步（SOA）（约0毫秒）时干扰物对反应潜伏期有强烈影响，而在极端正、负SOA时颜色命名的反应时间明显呈单调下降。实验2使用相同任务，但向中央凹旁呈现目标，向中央凹呈现干扰物。这种操作导致了与实验1中相同的一般处理模式。此外，当目标和干扰物不一致时发现了一种偏侧效应；左视野/右半球表现出明显更大的干扰，反应时间更长表明了这一点。本文根据当前复合刺激信息处理模型对这些结果进行了讨论。
